biomass yield Articles
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Heterosis in switchgrass: Biomass yield in swards
Improving the biomass yield of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) will improve its utility as a dedicated energy crop by increasing both its net and total energy yield per hectare. In a previous space-transplanted study, midparent heterosis for biomass yield was reported for population and specific F1 hybrids of the lowland-tetraploid cultivar Kanlow and the upland-tetraploid cultivar Summer. ...
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Pasture Trial – Waroona (2014/2015) - Case Study
At Waroona in the Peel region of Western Australia in 2014, 12 by 1m square wire cattle cages were placed at random to evaluate the effects of Hibrix pasture treatment combined with 50kg/ha of super phosphate versus the growers standard fertiliser usage of 100kg/ha of super phosphate. The Hibrix treated plots produced significantly higher amounts of dry matter without any reduction in pasture ...
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Nitrogen and harvest frequency effect on yield and cost for four perennial grasses
A USDOE and USDA study concluded that more than 20 million U.S. hectares of cropland, idle cropland, and cropland pasture could be converted from current uses to the production of perennial grasses from which biomass could be harvested for use as biorefinery feedstock. This study was conducted to determine the most efficient species, level of N, and harvest frequency from among four perennial ...
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Dryland crop yields and soil organic matter as influenced by long-term tillage and cropping sequence
Novel management practices are needed to improve the declining dryland crop yields and soil organic matter contents using conventional farming practices in the northern Great Plains. We evaluated the 21-yr effect of tillage and cropping sequence on dryland grain and biomass (stems + leaves) yields of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) and ...
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Advancements In Algal Biomass Yield, Phase 2 Funding Announced
On January 15, 2016, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced up to $15 million in funding for the development of algal biofuel intermediate technologies. Technology applicants should be likely to produce 3,700 gallons of algal biofuel intermediate per acre per year on an annualized average basis in an outdoor test environment by 2020. Applicants should also address a topic area within the ...
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The effects of Parachlorella kessleri cultivation on brewery wastewater
Bioindustrial wastewaters, often characterised by high carbon and nitrogen contents, have shown promise as a valuable resource for the cultivation of beneficial microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to assess if Parachlorella kessleri could utilise brewery wastewater (Br WW) for growth and production of metabolites. P. kessleri was cultivated on different concentrations of Br WW over ...
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Competitive interactions between cultivated and red rice as a function of recent and projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Because wild lines of the same species often represent a weedy constraint to cultivated crops in the field, any differential response to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, [CO2], may alter weed–crop competition and seed yield. We evaluated the growth and reproduction of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.; Clearfield, CL161) and red or weedy rice (Stuttgart, StgS) in monoculture, and at two ...
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Peppermint productivity and oil composition as a function of nitrogen, growth stage, and harvest time
The commercial production of peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) is concentrated in more northern latitudes worldwide (north of the 41st parallel), including the United States. This 2-yr field study in Mississippi evaluated the effect of N (0, 80, and 160 kg/ha), growth stage (bud formation and flowering), and harvest time or cut (first cut in mid-July, second cut beginning of October) on ...
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Biomass Production of Arundo Donax: A Country Specific Overview
With around 50-80 dry tonnes of biomass yield per hectare every year, Arundo donax (giant reed) is way ahead of its competitors. Of course, this yield depends on climate and applied agricultural technology. In this article below, the studies carried out concerning the biomass yield and economics of Arundo donax are presented. Biomass production in the Mediterranean: Italy, Spain and Sicily ...
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Breeding maize for a bioeconomy: a literature survey examining harvest index and stover yield and their relationship to grain yield
The use of maize (Zea mays L.) stover as a feedstock for cellulosic biofuels production will create demand for maize hybrids with greater stover yield. It is expected that grain yield will remain the most critical trait and continue to drive hybrid sales, requiring that any increases in stover yield be made without sacrificing grain yield potential. The objective of this review was to determine ...
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Heritability of drought resistance traits and correlation of drought resistance and agronomic traits in peanut
Inheritance of traits is important for developing effective breeding schemes for improving desired traits. The aims of this study were to estimate the heritabilities (h2) of drought resistance traits and the genotypic (rG) and phenotypic (rP) correlations between drought resistance traits and agronomic traits, and to examine the relationships between drought resistance traits under stressed and ...
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Putative Seedling Ferulate Ester (sfe) maize mutant: morphology, biomass yield, and stover cell wall composition and rumen degradability
Ferulate cross-linking of lignin to arabinoxylan contributes to poor cell wall degradability of grass forages. We hypothesized that reduced ferulate ester deposition will result in formation of fewer ferulate cross links and improved degradability. Objectives were to determine if the putative seedling ferulate ester (sfe) maize (Zea mays L.) mutant, selected for reduced ferulate esters in ...
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Physiological determinants for pod yield of Peanut lines
The number of pods per unit area is an important component of pod yield of peanut. The goals of this study were to determine the relationships of (i) pod yield with number of pods per unit area and weight per pod and (ii) number of pods per unit area with crop growth rate (CGR) and duration during the different developmental stages. Fifteen peanut lines were tested at Khon Kaen University in ...
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Cultivation of an Arthrospira platensis with digested piggery wastewater
An Arthrospira platensis strain ZJWST-S1 was isolated in Jiaxing City, China, which proved able to proliferate quickly in undiluted digested piggery wastewater (DPW), and the protein content in the algal biomass was high. Single factor experiments showed that the strain was able to quickly grow in a Zarrouk medium as the dosage of sodium bicarbonate, nitrate-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus ...
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Growth analysis of biomass production in sole-crop and double-crop corn systems
Increased biomass productivity could be achieved through double-cropping if extended growth duration could be realized with minimal reductions in growth efficiency relative to sole-cropping. To test this hypothesis, functional growth analysis was used to assess the relative importance of photosynthetic duration and efficiency in determining biomass production by sole-crop corn (Zea mays L.; SC) ...
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Chelant-assisted accumulation of Cd, Cu and Zn in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) biomass as a renewable energy feedstock.
This article discusses the environmental concerns regarding soil contamination by heavy metals and the possibility of growing a high biomass-yielding crop (i.e., rapeseed) as a tool of phytoremediation. The aim of our research was to investigate the growth parameters and the capacity of rapeseed to accumulate Cd, Cu, and Zn from the contaminated soil and to investigate the effects of the chelants ...
By Biovala
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Removal of bivalent and trivalent ions by Spirulina platensis biomass: batch experiments and biosorbent characterisation
The removal of cadmium and chromium, at comparable initial molar concentration (1, 2, 4 mM) has been studied employing progressively increasing concentrations of S. platensis dry biomass. The highest yield of Cd removal (≥98%) was obtained with 2 g l−1 of this biosorbent, whereas no more than 77.5% of Cr was removed with 4 g l−1 biomass. The FT-IR analysis evidenced that the ions removal occurs ...
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Improving the ceres-maize model ability to simulate water deficit impact on maize production and yield components
Crop models are potential tools for designing water-efficient strategies and should be tested for accurate prediction of water deficit effects on production. The objective of this research was to test and improve the CERES-Maize model (CERES-4.0) for ability to predict accurately maize biomass and grain yield components under water-limiting conditions in an environment where the model had ...
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Treatment of synthetic wastewater and hog waste with reduced sludge generation by the multi-environment BioCAST technology
Simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus was examined along with reduced generation of biological sludge during the treatment of synthetic wastewater and hog waste by the BioCAST technology. This new multi-environment wastewater treatment technology contains both suspended and immobilized microorganisms, and benefits from the presence of aerobic, microaerophilic, anoxic and ...
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Assessment of aquacrop, cropsyst, and WOFOST models in the simulation of sunflower growth under different water regimes
This work compares the performance of AquaCrop, a crop simulation model developed by FAO, with that of two well established models, CropSyst and WOFOST, in simulating sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth under different water regimes in a Mediterranean environment. The models differ in the level of complexity describing crop development, in the main growth modules driving the simulation of ...
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