lysimeter Articles
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International chocolate company Giant lysimeters for cocoa irrigation research - Case Study
On of our biggest projects till now has been planning and installing a system of 24 giant lysimeters in a cocoa research farm. Due to climate changes cocoa plantations are struggling to adjust to the new conditions in the tropical areas. This lysimeter system was designed according to our clients needs, determined to find the best irrigation plan for cocoa plantations around the world. ...
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Downward mobility of 14C-Labeled simazine in a bermudagrass system vs. a fallow soil system
Pesticides applied to bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) can be captured by the canopy, absorbed by the roots, or bound in the thatch layer, which reduces the amount available to leach compared with a fallow soil system where pesticides may be applied directly to soil. 14C-Simazine was applied to dormant bermudagrass and fallow soil in lysimeters in a cold growth chamber (5°C) (cold-fallow soil) ...
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Lysimeter Carousel (lysimeter) Gilat Research Station - Case Study
Lysimeter Carousel is a development of advanced, cost-effective irrigation technologies.The purpose of the system is to measure growth data while providing uniform growth conditions.The system is controlled and managed by an advanced "Crystal OPC" human-machine interface (HMI), which enables the collection, recording, analysis and presentation of the data obtained in a user-friendly, easy to ...
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Weighing lysimeters for evapotranspiration research on clay soil
Local crop evapotranspiration (ET) measurements are needed for northeastern Louisiana. Objectives were to install, calibrate, and assess soil water characteristics of paired weighing lysimeters at Saint Joseph, LA. Installed in 2005, the lysimeters have inner tanks 1.5 m long, 1.5 m deep, and 1.0 m wide that rest on load cells within outer tanks. The inner tanks contain refilled Sharkey clay ...
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Measurement and modelling of the water requirement of some greenhouse crops with artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm
Crop evapotranspiration is the most important parameter for management of irrigation systems in greenhouses. This study was conducted to determine the evapotranspiration of cucumber, tomato and peppers, using micro–lysimeter during seven months in a greenhouse located in central region of Iran. Reference evapotranspiration estimated using drainage lysimeters and the water balance of soil ...
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Actual daily evapotranspiration and crop coefficients for an alpine meadow in the Qilian Mountains, northwest China
Actual daily evapotranspiration (ETa) was measured in two weighing micro-lysimeters, from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2011 on an alpine meadow in the Qilian Mountains, northwest China. The findings showed that the mean daily ETa in the unfrozen and frozen periods was 2.0 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively. The dominant factor affecting ETa in the unfrozen period was net radiation (RN), whereas those in ...
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Monitoring of Nitrate Leaching in Sandy Soils: Comparison of Three Methods
Abstract Proper N fertilizer and irrigation management can reduce nitrate leaching while maintaining crop yield, which is critical to enhance the sustainability of vegetable production on soils with poor water and nutrient-holding capacities. This study evaluated different methods to measure nitrate leaching in mulched drip-irrigated zucchini, pepper, and tomato production systems. Fertigation ...
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Fertilizer vs. organic matter contributions to nitrogen leaching in cropping systems of the Pampas: 15N application in field lysimeters
Abstract Nitrogen (N) export from soils to streams and groundwater under the intensifying cropping schemes of the Pampas is modest compared to intensively cultivated basins of Europe and North America; however, a slow N enrichment of water resources has been suggested. We (1) analyzed the fate of fertilizer N and (2) evaluated the contribution of fertilizer and soil organic matter (SOM) to N ...
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Leaching and utilization of nitrogen during a spring wheat catch crop succession
An experiment covering a 2-yr spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) catch crop succession was conducted in lysimeters to account for the losses of N due to leaching. We sought to relate these losses to the N uptake of the main crop and to integrate the estimated N loss and uptake into a balance. The non-winter hardy catch crops [yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.), Phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia ...
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Nitrogen increases evapotranspiration and growth of a warm-season turfgrass
The effect of N fertilizer rate on Kikuyu turfgrass [Pennisetum clandestinum (Hochst. ex Chiov)] evapotranspiration was evaluated during two summers. Evapotranspiration was measured using weighing lysimeters (205 mm in diameter by 625 mm in length) inserted in turfgrass field plots (10 m2). The experiment was a randomized plot design with three replicates. Treatments included two turfgrass ages ...
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Salinity effects on colour and health traits in the pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) fruit peel
Irrigation water salinity effects on colour and health ingredients in the pomegranate peel were studied in two accessions, ‘Wonderful’ and ‘SP-2’, grown under a wide range of salinities, 1.2 to 9 dS m –1 . Ripe fruit peels were analysed for phenolics and anthocyanins composition, and antioxidative capacity. Total phenolics concentration and antioxidative capacity were determined by the ...
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The extrapolation of the leaf area-based transpiration of two xerophytic shrubs in a revegetated desert area in the Tengger Desert, China
Plant transpiration plays a key role in sand-binding zones, but obtaining accurate estimates at an integrated leaf-individual-canopy scale is difficult. In this study, transpiration rates of two typical xerophytic shrubs, Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica, were investigated during the growing season (April–October) from 2008 to 2012 in the Tengger Desert, a revegetated desert ...
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Seasonal changes in the performance of a catch crop for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution
An in situ technology for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution using catch crops was developed for simultaneously preventing nitrate groundwater pollution, reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) gas emissions, and removing salts from the topsoil. Seasonal changes in the performance of a catch crop were investigated using lysimeters in a full-scale greenhouse experiment with 50 d cultivation of dent ...
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Irrigation and Nitrogen Best Management Practices Under Drip Irrigated Vegetable Production
Abstract Plastic mulch and drip irrigation are commonly used in high intensity vegetable production regions such as Florida. Drip irrigation can be much more efficient than sprinkler irrigation since only the root zone of the cropped area is irrigated. However, improper irrigation management can lead to wasted water and leaching of soluble chemicals such as nitrate. In this project, several ...
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The ecologically optimum application of nitrogen in wheat season of rice–wheat cropping system
Because excessive application of N fertilizer for crop production leads to environmental pollution and low N utility efficiency, a better understanding of the effects of N application rates on crop yields and NO3–N leaching is required for developing optimum ecological N management that reduces NO3–N leaching while keeping crop yield. Field experiments at two sites in the Taihu region of China ...
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Aspect and soil textural controls on snowmelt runoff on forested Boreal Plain hillslopes
Plot studies were conducted on a jack pine forest with sandy soil and aspen forests with sandy and loam soils to examine the controls of slope aspect, soil texture and fall soil moisture content on near-surface snowmelt runoff and infiltration. It was hypothesized that near-surface runoff would be greater from north-facing slopes on loam soils with increased fall soil moisture content. Fall soil ...
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Fate of Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in a Vegetable Farm in cameron Highlands, Malaysia
The fate of chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and profenofos in sandy loam soil under tropical condition was studied in a vegetable plot in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. The plot was treated with chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and profenofos according to normal agricultural practices of the Cameron Highlands. Water (runoff and lysimeter), soil and bedload sediment samples were taken according to a ...
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Fate of Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in a Vegetable Farm in cameron Highlands, Malaysia
The fate of chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and profenofos in sandy loam soil under tropical condition was studied in a vegetable plot in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. The plot was treated with chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and profenofos according to normal agricultural practices of the Cameron Highlands. Water (runoff and lysimeter), soil and bedload sediment samples were taken according to a ...
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Brassica cover crops for Nitrogen retention in the mid-Atlantic coastal plain
Received for publication February 5, 2008. Brassica cover crops are new to the mid-Atlantic region, and limited information is available on their N uptake capabilities for effective N conservation. Forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Daikon), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Adagio), and rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Dwarf Essex) were compared with rye (Secale cereale L. cv. Wheeler), a ...
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Effect of tillage and rainfall on transport of manure-applied cryptosporidium parvum oocysts through soil
Received for publication September 30, 2008. Most waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis have been attributed to agricultural sources due to the high prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in animal wastes and manure spreading on farmlands. No-till, an effective conservation practice, often results in soil having higher water infiltration and percolation rates than conventional tillage. We ...
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