soil water Articles
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Differential wilting among soybean genotypes in response to water deficit
Genotypic differences for canopy wilting have been reported for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], but no wilting data have been published, and mechanisms for differences remain unresolved. In field studies in 2002 and 2003, differences for wilting among 19 genotypes were consistent across years. Plant introductions (PI 416937 and PI 471938) were among the slowest wilting genotypes, and breeding ...
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Analytical solution for soil water redistribution during evaporation process
Simulating the dynamics of soil water content and modeling soil water evaporation are critical for many environmental and agricultural strategies. The present study aims to develop an analytical solution to simulate soil water redistribution during the evaporation process. This analytical solution was derived utilizing an exponential function to describe the relation of hydraulic conductivity ...
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Soil water reserve estimation and vegetation relationships in a Mediterranean sub-humid forested catchment
A simple water balance model was used to calculate soil water reserve in a Mediterranean forested catchment. The relationship between soil water reserve and leaf water potential and stem water content was analysed. The usefulness of these variables as plant water status indicators was tested. The analyses were developed with a seven-year-long database (2001–2007) in the case of soil water content ...
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Evaluation of the AquaCrop model for simulating yield response of winter wheat to water on the southern Loess Plateau of China
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the FAO-AquaCrop model in winter wheat in the southern Loess Plateau of China. Multi-year field experimental data from 2004 and 2011 were used to calibrate and validate the model for simulating biomass, canopy cover (CC), soil water content, and grain yield under rainfed conditions. The model performance was evaluated using root ...
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Evaluation of three models that describe soil water retention curves from saturation to oven dryness
Measuring a soil water retention curve (SWRC) with the pressure plate device is generally limited to matric suctions 1500 kPa. A few models have been proposed to describe the SWRC from saturation to oven dryness using measurements in the pressure plate matric suction range. The development and validation of these models were mostly based on a limited set of published measurements, and in general, ...
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Extension of an existing model for soil water evaporation and redistribution under high water content conditions
Most crop, hydrology, and water quality models require the simulation of evaporation from the soil surface. A model developed by J.T. Ritchie in 1972 provides useful algorithms for estimating soil evaporation, but it does not calculate the soil water redistribution resulting from evaporation. A physically-based model using diffusion theory, described previously by Suleiman and Ritchie in 2003, ...
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Effects of estimating soil hydraulic properties and root growth factor on soil water balance and crop production
Accurate simulation of plant growth depends not only on plant parameters, but also on soil parameters. Although there is uncertainty in measured soil parameters and root distributions, their effects on simulated plant growth have been much less studied. This study evaluates the simulated responses of six crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), ...
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Type of soil moisture sensor
Soil moisture sensor is an important tool in modern agriculture and horticulture. These devices measure the amount of water present in the soil, an important parameter in managing irrigation and ensuring that plants get the right amount of water.In this article, we will discuss the different types of soil moisture sensors, how they work, and their applications in agriculture and horticulture.Type ...
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Performance Evaluation of Selected Soil Moisture Sensors
Abstract Irrigation water management practices could greatly benefit from using soil moisture sensors that accurately measure soil water content or potential. Therefore, an assessment on soil moisture sensor reading accuracy is important. In this study, a performance evaluation of selected sensor calibration was performed considering factory- laboratory- and field-based calibrations. The selected ...
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Using Soil Water Sensors to Improve Irrigation Management
Abstract Irrigation water management has to do with the appropriate application of water to soils, in terms of amounts, rates, and timing to satisfy crop water demands while protecting the soil and water resources from degradation. In this regard, sensors can be used to monitor the soil water status; and some can be used to calculate irrigation amounts and to decide when to optimally irrigate. ...
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Tensiometers—Theory, Construction, and Use
Standard tensiometers are used to measure matric potential as low as -870 cm of water in the unsaturated zone by creating a saturated hydraulic link between the soil water and a pressure sensor. The direction and, in some cases, quantity of water flux can be determined using multiple installations.A variety of commercial and fabricated tensiometers are commonly used. Saturated porous ceramic ...
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Performance of a new capacitance soil moisture probe in a sandy soil
Rapid population growth and increasing urban demand reduce the availability of water for agriculture in Florida. The water-holding capacity of sandy soils in the Central Florida Ridge area is very poor (<0.10 m3 m–3). Improved soil water monitoring probes can help growers manage irrigation more efficiently and conserve water. This study evaluated a new soil water probe (ECH2O EC-5 sensor, Decagon ...
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Cokriging spatial interpolation of soil water dependent repellency parameters determined with two different tests
The nonlinear behavior of water repellency (WR) with respect to soil water content (g) may be described by curve parameters derived from two widespread methodologies such as the water drop penetration time (WDPT) and molarity of an ethanol droplet (MED) tests. While the former measures WR persistence in terms of the infiltration time of a water drop sitting on the soil surface, the latter ...
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Weighing lysimeters for evapotranspiration research on clay soil
Local crop evapotranspiration (ET) measurements are needed for northeastern Louisiana. Objectives were to install, calibrate, and assess soil water characteristics of paired weighing lysimeters at Saint Joseph, LA. Installed in 2005, the lysimeters have inner tanks 1.5 m long, 1.5 m deep, and 1.0 m wide that rest on load cells within outer tanks. The inner tanks contain refilled Sharkey clay ...
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Biosolids increase soil aggregation and protection of soil carbon five years after application on a crested wheatgrass pasture
Biosolids application to rangelands and pastures recycles nutrients and organic matter back to soils. The effects of biosolids (20 and 60 dry Mg ha–1) and N+P fertilizer on soil aggregate stability, bulk density, aeration porosity, and total C and N of stable aggregates were evaluated 4 and 5 yr after surface application to a crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.] pasture in the ...
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Evaluation of a Direct-Coupled TDR for Determination of 1 Soil Water Content and Bulk Electrical Conductivity
Signal degradation in coaxial cables and interconnects is a long-standing problem in the practical deployment of time domain reflectometry (TDR) for soil water monitoring. Acclima, Inc. has recently commercialized a TDR sensor (TDR-315) with all electronics required for waveform acquisition embedded in the probe head. We calibrated ten TDR-315 sensors and conventional TDR for apparent ...
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Evaluation of a Direct-Coupled TDR for Determination of Soil Water Content and Bulk Electrical Conductivity
Introduction Signal degradation in coaxial cables and interconnects is a long-standing problem in the practical deployment and calibration of time domain reflectometry (TDR) for soil water content monitoring. Acclima, Inc.1 has recently commercialized a TDR sensor (TDR-315) with all electronics required for waveform acquisition embedded in the probe head thereby avoiding signal degradation. Our ...
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Influence of rainfall interception by endemic plants versus short cycle crops on water infiltration in high altitude ecosystems of Ecuador
Owing to their high water retention, the volcanic ash-soils of the Northern Andean highlands (páramos) can be considered as natural ‘water storage tanks’ for drinking water and for irrigation. Vegetation plays an important role in transferring rain to the soil and in controlling the soil water content. To assess this role, we quantified the stemflow process under rainfall simulations for ...
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Improved Agricultural Irrigation Scheduling Using a Soil Water Content Sensor - Case Study
Abstract The key to scheduling irrigation timing and amounts is determining moisture depletion in the soil. Two common methods include tracking crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and tracking the water content with a sensor buried in the soil. In Colorado, a popular online tool that estimates the ETc for a variety of well-irrigated crops is the Colorado Agricultural Meteorological Network (CoAgMet). ...
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The Ultimate Guide to Soil Moisture
Introduction You need to get the right amount of water to crops at the right time. Water and nutrients are used most efficiently when your crops have access to the amount of water the crop needs and the soil can hold. This article describes how to use the data provided by soil moisture probes to more effectively manage your farm. Observing and understanding the consequences of soil moisture ...
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