Acute and sub‐acute toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1‐methylnaphthalene to the shallow‐water coral Porites divaricata: Application of a novel exposure protocol
Previous research evaluating hydrocarbon toxicity to corals and coral reefs has generally focused on community level effects, and results are often not comparable between studies due to variability in hydrocarbon exposure characterization and evaluation of coral health and mortality during exposure. Toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1‐methylnaphthalene to the coral Porites divaricata was assessed in a constant exposure toxicity test utilizing a novel toxicity testing protocol uniquely applicable to shallow‐water corals, which considered multiple assessment metrics and evaluated the potential for post‐exposure mortality and/or recovery. Acute and sub‐acute effects (gross morphological changes, photosynthetic efficiency, mortality, and histologic cellular changes) were evaluated during pre‐exposure (4 wk), exposure (48 h) and post‐exposure recovery (4 wk) periods. Coral condition scores were used to determine a 48 h EC50 of 7,442 µg/L. Significant physical and histological changes were caused by 640 and 5,427 µg/L 1‐methylnaphthalene after exposure, with a 1 to 3 d delay in photosynthetic efficiency effects (ΔF/Fm). Pigmented granular amoebocyte area was found to be a potentially useful sub‐lethal endpoint for this species. Coral mortality was used to estimate a 48 h LC50 of 12,123 µg/L. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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