agriculture resource Articles
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Inventorying resources: an application to product–oriented agriculture
Different resources are necessary in the new, product–oriented agricultural environment. This article explores the question of what information is best suited for strategic analysis and strategy formulation for firms involved in product–oriented agriculture. This article will draw upon theoretical literature from general management and interviews with agricultural producers to develop a new ...
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Family as an autonomous institution for local agricultural resources governance: discourse on organic agriculture development in the mountains of Nepal
This paper focuses on the institutional dynamics of family–led organic farms in the mountains of Nepal. It is based on continuous observations and experiences of local farmers who have dedicated themselves to organic agriculture for a significant period of time. It is found that family–led organic farming can contribute significantly to the sustainable use of local agricultural resources. The ...
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Elite capture in local fishery management - experiences from post–socialist Albania
Local governance based on institutions for collective action can help overcome social dilemmas in natural and agricultural resource management. A common path towards local governance is decentralisation, and within this context, a transfer of property rights from central government to local resource users. Yet, despite the successes of many decentralisation policies, the phenomenon of elite ...
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Sustainable rural tourism development based on agricultural resources: the eco-inn initiative in Taiwan
Rural tourism is often considered an economic alternative for rural areas facing decreasing profits and requiring a second or third economic footing. However, like other tourism activities, rural tourism results in a full range of environmental impacts. In particular, accommodation generates various environmental loadings and should be managed carefully. An eco-inn, the environmentally friendly ...
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Patterns of resource use on Danish organic farms: aspects of farm-based rural development
The diversity in the Danish organic farming sector in terms of patterns of human resource use is investigated. Based on the total time allocated to agricultural activities almost half the organic farms are full-time farms, one third part-time and the rest hobby farms. Spouses contribute little time to agricultural activities and 75% of them has full- or part-time jobs outside the farm. Half of ...
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Multiple sources of local knowledge: a global review of ways to reduce nuisance from the beneficial weaver ant Oecophylla
The weaver ants Oecophylla smaragdina and O. longinoda are abundant in tropical Asia, Australia and Africa. Although local people and a handful of scientists appreciate the benefits these tree-dwelling ants bring in terms of medicinal and food source, protection of tree crops, and enhancement of fruit and nut quality, Oecophylla has one major drawback: it also bites people. Perception of this ...
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Diversity and mega-targets of selection from the characterization of a barley collection
Germplasm exchange is essential for assuring genetic gain in a breeding program. Two aspects of breeding programs are relevant to making them compatible for germplasm exchange: the amount of genetic diversity within programs and the identification of breeding programs with similar breeding objectives and environments of selection (i.e., mega-targets of selection). The objective of this study was ...
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Sustainable utilisation of crop genetic diversity through property rights mechanisms: the case of coffee genetic resources in Ethiopia
The legally binding 'International treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture' provides a framework to ensure access to crop genetic resources, technologies, and internationally agreed funding. However, this treaty applies only for a list of selected crops. Other crops, as for instance coffee, are not included. Besides other issues, the question arises how to design the access and ...
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Research note: Why a social impact study in Tanzania?
Farmers in Korogwe in northeast Tanzania mostly have very limited smallholdings on which they grow maize, the staple food in this area, and have one or two cows with a few having up to eight cows. The farmers wanted to pool their resources to allow them to raise some revenue by selling their surplus milk. This research note outlines involvement with a scheme to assist the farmers, and confirms ...
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Induced technical and institutional change in tropical agriculture
The author employs a model in which the direction of technical change is induced by changes in relative resource endowments to interpret the trajectories of technical change in both developed and developing country agriculture. An international agricultural research system, an institutional innovation supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), has become ...
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Glyphosate-based herbicides on weeds management and maize performance under conservation agriculture practices in eastern Kenya
A three-season research study was conducted at Embu Agricultural Research Station farm to determine the effect of glyphosate-based herbicides on weeds management and maize ( Zea mays L. ) performance under zero-tillage conservation agriculture practice. Glyphosate herbicide sprays were prepared from Roundup Turbo product at the rate of 2.5 L ha –1 and Roundup Weathermax at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 L ...
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Conjunctive effect of water productivity and cultivation pattern on agricultural water management
Agricultural water resources are scarce in Iran, and agricultural water management is essential to overcome this limitation. Determination of the water productivity index (WP) using the methods of optimization of cropping patterns and optimal water allocation is the most effective tool in water management in the agricultural sector. In this study, a non-linear optimization model was used to ...
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Changing mechanisms of agricultural water use in the urbanization and industrialization of China
The rapid urbanization and industrialization of China in recent years has presented serious challenges for the country in guaranteeing the preservation of agricultural water resources. This study selected four areas in China, each with different water resource and social development conditions. The relationship between the processes of urbanization and industrialization and recent ...
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Innovation and commercialisation in the Canadian bioproducts industry
Industrial biotechnology is an emerging industry in which firms are developing novel alternatives to petroleum–based goods. Canadian–based firms have an opportunity to capitalise on the availability of biomass from Canadian agriculture and Canada's broad resource base. However, complexity of the product development process coupled with immaturity of this industry means little is currently known ...
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Farmers' (local and colonists) perceptions of environmental changes in the forest frontier of the upper Amazon, Peru
Amazon ecosystem degradation profoundly impacts life supporting processes of global importance such as climate regulation, as well as local conditions for livelihoods. In Peru's highland jungle, an expanding deforestation front of forest conversion to agriculture has vastly transformed the landscape. Small–scale farming, the main driver of forest degradation, and consequently household natural ...
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Meeting the challenges of global rice production
Rice is the second most widely grown cereal crop and the staple food for more than half the world’s population. More than 3 billion people consume more than 100 kg of rice per year. Rice is cultivated on 155.5 million ha with an average growth rate of 0.39% a year, in the last 30 years. In the near future, the possibility for expanding areas under rice based systems will remain very limited ...
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GoRoSoBo: an overall control diagram to improve the efficiency of water transport systems in real time
Agriculture plays an important part in the food chain and water resources for agriculture are essential. A problem is that the water transport systems present low efficiencies in practice. Crop yields must be optimized, and the goal of an operational water manager is to deliver water to irrigation sites accurately and efficiently. In order to fulfill this objective, we propose a centralized ...
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Performance evaluation of irrigation network using fuzzy multicriterion group decision making technique
Present paper discusses applicability of fuzzy multicriterion decision making (MCDM) technique, namely, interval valued fuzzy TOPSIS (IVFT) for selection of suitable irrigation subsystems among 30 such subsystems of Khadakwasla Irrigation Project, India. Five performance evaluations related criterion, namely, participation and cooperation, effective water availability, conjunctive use, economic ...
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Irrigated agriculture and groundwater resources – towards an integrated vision and sustainable relationship
Globally, irrigated agriculture is the largest abstractor, and predominant consumer, of groundwater resources, with large groundwater-dependent agro-economies now having widely evolved especially in Asia. Such use is also causing resource depletion and degradation in more arid and drought-prone regions. In addition crop cultivation practices on irrigated land exert a major influence on ...
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Engaging High School students in soil science inquiry
In April 2007, teacher Irka Elsevier and then-graduate student Biance Moebius-Clune began their second inquiry unit designed to enable high school students to better understand soil science concepts through their own research and experiments. Moebius-Clune was an NSF fellow in the Cornell Science Inquiry Partnerships (CSIP) program, which allowed the pair to develop inquiry curriculum to guide ...
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