animal disease Articles | Agriculture XPRT

Economic dimensions and directions of animal disease policy

Widely publicised incidents of transboundary animal diseases (TADs), devastating to local livestock industries, have occurred worldwide creating a greater awareness of the role of response policy selection on TAD spread risk and risk of initial introduction into previously disease free areas. In particular, drawing on past TAD outbreaks, the literature and the intrinsic characteristics of the ...

Jan. 1, 2013

By Inderscience Publishers

Arachidonic acid and fatty acid profiles as indicators of contamination from the leachates of animal carcasses

Because many livestock with avian influenza and foot and mouth disease have been disposed of at landfills, underground water contamination is a big problem for people living near these landfills as well as burial sites. Biological oxygen demand (BOD), NH4, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride and potassium have been used as markers of contamination from the leachates of animal carcasses. ...

Apr. 12, 2016

By IWA Publishing

A micro-sequenced CMOS model for cell signalling pathway using G-protein and phosphorylation cascade

Communication between cells in multi-cellular organisms, such as animals, humans and plants, is essential for coordinating the organismic activities of fertilisation, growth, survival and reproduction. This biochemical communication between trillions of cells in organisms can be more complex than the internet. This paper develops a CMOS circuit model of signal reception and signal transduction ...

Aug. 18, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

IAQ Technical Information, References and Resources – 20060808

AIRBORNE ALLERGENS AFFECT OUR HEALTH! There is NO prejudice for economic or social status! Affected Immuno-Compromised Individuals include: Elderly, Children, Cancer and Transplant Patients. Allergic reactions include hypersensitivity pneumonitis allergic rhinitis, and some types of Asthma. Infectious illnesses, such as influenza, measles and chicken pox are transmitted through the air. Molds ...

Dec. 31, 2004

By Environmental Monitoring Systems, Inc.(ems)

A review of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and its management in Canada and the USA

Geographic proximity and a long history of integration between US and Canadian cattle industries have resulted in similar management of BSE risk factors. Both countries have had a single imported case of BSE followed by multiple endemic cases of the bovine disease. Comparable risk management strategies have been put in place, such as a ban on the feeding of ruminant materials to other ruminants, ...

Sep. 20, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Image-based measurement of alveoli volume expansion in an animal model of a diseased lung

This research aims to improve ventilation protocols in critical care by using appropriate computer models that take into account the essential lung mechanics. This paper automatically tracks the boundary of individual or groups of alveoli, and converts this into a pressure volume curve for three different types of alveoli. Schiller et al. investigate the inflation and deflation of alveoli in a ...

Aug. 18, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Metalexyl fungicide induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in mouse thymus: the effect of antox

Metalaxyl is a benzenoid fungicide used to control soil-borne fungal diseases on fruits, cotton, soybean, peanuts, ornamental and grasses. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of oxidative stress on the induction of apoptosis in thymocytes of mice by metalaxyl. The work extends to study the possible role played by antox in minimising the toxicity of metalaxyl. Thymus of metalexyl-treated ...

Aug. 30, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

The World Organisation for Animal Health (Office International des Epizooties) recommendations for bovine spongiform encephalopathy risk management and its use by member countries

The World Organisation for Animal Health (formerly the Office of International Epizootics, or OIE) provides inter-governmental guidance on animal health issues. The OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code contains standards and recommendations to prevent import of infectious pathogens during trade of animal products. The OIE designed recommendations for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to ...

Oct. 10, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline antibiotics using a Ti/IrO2 anode for wastewater treatment of animal husbandry

In animal husbandry, antibiotics are widely used to treat and prevent diseases or to promote growth. The use of antibiotics for domestic animals enables to promote safety of livestock products and enhance productivity. Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are one of the primarily used groups of antibiotics for cattle and swine. However, the unintentional spreading of antibiotics from animal waste to ...

Dec. 31, 2010

By IWA Publishing

UK report into security at Pirbright following foot-and-mouth disease outbreak

Following the outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Surrey on 3 August, the government asked the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) to lead an investigation into biosecurity issues at the Pirbright facility – a site occupied by the Institute of Animal Health (IAH) and also by two private companies called Merial Animal Health Ltd (Merial) and Stabilitech Ltd (Stabilitech). The ...

Dec. 19, 2007

By Health and Safety Executive (UK)

Risk assessment and management of animal disease-related biosecurity

Animal agriculture is vulnerable to both intentional and unintentional biological threats. Outbreaks, especially intentional attacks, could cause enormous consequences extending well beyond agriculture. Nations, including the USA, are consolidating and coordinating efforts to protect against these biological threats. The efforts employed largely fall into the categories of ex ante ...

May 26, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers

Parallels in fungal pathogenesis on plant and animal hosts

Fungi are important pathogens of plants and cause more significant yield losses than bacteria or viruses. However, bacteria and viruses are more important than fungi as pathogens of animals; indeed, whether or not a fungus even becomes pathogenic on an animal often depends on the immune status of the host. Until the rapid rise of opportunistic ...

Nov. 30, 2006

By American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

Automatic Faucet Advantages

An automatic faucet is a faucet equipped with a proximity sensor and a mechanism that opens its valve to allow water to flow in response to the presence of a hand or hand nearby. The valve closes its valve again after a few seconds or when it no longer detects the presence of hands. Most automatic faucets are powered by batteries and incorporate an active infrared sensor to ...

Feb. 25, 2018

By Adamant Valves

Survival of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> and <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> in human urine

Survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis in human urine

Tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease that mainly causes respiratory infection. However, it can also infect other organs such as the kidneys and bladder, which can lead to high counts of the organisms in the urine. Introducing urine diversion systems and reuse of the urine in agriculture may introduce new transmission routes for infection, increasing the risk of spread. This study evaluated the ...

Feb. 28, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Chemical composition and mammary cancer inhibitory activity of dry bean

The global economic burden caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer is enormous. Little information exists about the role that specific crops in the diet play to reduce these diseases. To address this question, the phenolic and flavonoid contents, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and anticancer activity of six market classes of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris ...

Jan. 27, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Control of environmental health and removal of rats by α2-adrenergic antagonist and potassium channel blocker

In stress, sympathetic system stimulation inhibits insulin release via postsynaptic alpha 2 (a2)- adrenoceptors on the pancreas beta cells, intense sympathetic stimulations interrupt the activation of beta cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Some of the researchers believe that pretreatment with clonidine potentiated hyperglycemia. Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis or decrease of glucose ...

Aug. 25, 2006

By University of Tehran

Molecular epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni populations in dairy cattle, wildlife, and the environment in a farmland area

We describe a cross-sectional study of the molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni in a dairy farmland environment, with the aim of elucidating the dynamics of horizontal transmission of C. jejuni genotypes among sources in the area. A collection of 327 C. jejuni isolates from cattle, wildlife, and environmental sources in a 100-km2 area ...

Jul. 31, 2008

By American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

A study on rodent ectoparasites in bandar abbas: The main economic southern seaport of Iran

A number of vertebrate animals will invade domestic and commercial premises in search of food and shelter. In doing so, they may be involved in the transmission of disease, soiling and destroying commodities and packing, damaging equipments, buildings and installations, and causing a nuisance. Rodents are the most important animal in this view (Burgess, 1998). The economic importance of rodents ...

Jun. 17, 2007

By University of Tehran

How To Eliminate the Devastating Effects of the Coffee Leaf Rust Epidemic

The devastating effects of the coffee leaf rust epidemic have reached different countries all over Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. Aside from thousands of people losing their jobs, coffee plantations end up losing millions of dollars. Eliminating the harmful effects of this disease is not impossible. However, it is challenging. Recently, we released CR-10, which is a coffee rust ...

Nov. 21, 2016

By BioNovelus Inc.

Animal waste categorisation

Animal by-products (ABPs) are divided into 3 categories, based on the risks they pose. Category 1 ABPs – are classed as high risk. Carcasses and body ...

Feb. 26, 2019

By Addfield Environmental Systems Ltd.

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