canopy Articles
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Case study - Wilmott Dixon Canopy
BRE-Watford System kWp: 2.25 Area: 28.6 m sq Inverter: Mastervolt Modules Used: PS-C Transparent Polysolar designed and supplied a retrofit roof garden canopy for Willmott Dixon Healthcare Campus at BRE Innovation Park, Watford. Objective: To provide a weather proof canopy designed to offer a warm light but shaded area for sitting out in while also contributing to the buildings electricity ...
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Electrically driven pumps with a canopy
Clients regularly ask us for advice when planning their purchases. A common question concerns the electric pump sets: What is the advantage of an electric pump with a canopy compared to an open frame version? Whether it’s a mobile unit or a permanent installation used in the open air, electric pump sets with a closed canopy are growing in popularity every year. Below are the main reasons ...
By BBA Pumps BV
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Analysis of scaling-up resistances from leaf to canopy using numerical simulations
A multi-layer model, combining Lagrangian dispersion at the canopy level with Ohm's Law analogy at the leaf level, was used in numerical simulations to assess the leaf-to-canopy scale translation of surface resistances. The model produced unique profiles of fluxes and scalar concentrations that satisfied both the dispersion and leaf models. Environmental factors and canopy architecture were ...
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City Trees can offset Neighbourhood Heat Islands, Concordia Researcher Says
The idea of the heat island - that densely built-up urban areas are considerably hotter than the rural and semi-rural landscapes that surround them - has been extensively studied and is widely accepted by academics and the public. The idea of the heat island - that densely built-up urban areas are considerably hotter than the rural and semi-rural landscapes that surround them - has been ...
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Tree Canopy Effects on Simulated Water Stress in Southern African Savannas
A coupled energy and water balance model is used to simulate the effects of large tree canopies on soil moisture and water stress across a series of sites spanning a regional moisture gradient in southern Africa. The model tracks evapotranspiration from five components of the land surface at each site—the tree canopy, the grass under and between tree canopies, and the bare soil under and between ...
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Can changes in canopy and/or root system architecture explain historical maize yield trends in the U.S. corn belt?
Continuous increase in the yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in the U.S. Corn Belt has involved an interaction with plant density. A number of contributing traits and mechanisms have been suggested. In this study we used a modeling approach to examine whether changes in canopy and/or root system architecture might explain the observed trends. A maize crop model was generalized so that changes in ...
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Water deficit alters canopy structure but not photosynthesis during the regrowth of Alfalfa
Growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) following the correction of a water deficit will depend in part on the characteristics of the canopy grown during the water deficit. The current study was undertaken to determine the extent to which canopy structure and photosynthetic capacity are affected in alfalfa plants regrowing following defoliation while exposed to a water deficit. The effects of five ...
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Parking Lot Hail Protection
It is amazing the number of different options that have been created to try to alleviate the problems associated with massive chunks of ice falling out of the sky. Hail can cause a lot of damage and super expensive damage at that. We recognized this at WeatherSolve a number of years ago and started to work on developing a system to fix this issue. WeatherSolve already had a whole lot of ...
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Case study - Barbican Canopy
London System kWp: 2.8 Area: 44.2 m sq Inverter: Kaco Modules Used: PS-C Transparent Series Polysolar supplied BIPV glazing units for a walkway canopy at Prior Weston Primary School, Barbican, London. Objective: Play area canopy designed to offer a dry and safe school yard extension, whilst reducing heat gain and glare in classrooms and providing renewable electricity. Result: The ...
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Comparison of three methods for estimating leaf area index of upland rice cultivars
Nondestructive estimation of leaf area index (LAI) using two canopy analyzers (LAI-2000 and SunScan) was compared with destructively measured LAI for four upland rice (Oryza spp.) cultivars with various types of canopy development during the period from 21 to 56 d after sowing (DAS). For the LAI-2000, LAI was estimated with or without the wide angle reading (Ring 5). When data from 50 and 56 DAS, ...
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Canopy dynamics and human caused disturbance on a semi-arid landscape in the Rocky Mountains, USA
Invasion of grasslands by woody plants has been identified as a key indicator of changes in ecosystem structure and function in arid and semi-arid rangelands throughout the world. We investigated changes in the balance between woody and herbaceous components of a semi-arid landscape in western Colorado (USA) using historical aerial photography. Aerial photographs from 1937, 1965–67, and 1994 were ...
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The impact of beetle-induced conifer death on stand-scale canopy snow interception
Bark beetles have killed more than 100,000 km2 of pine forest in western North America, causing trees to lose the majority of their canopy material and potentially leading to enhanced subcanopy snow accumulation. Over a 45-day period, we tested this hypothesis by measuring daily snow accumulation in three living and two dead lodgepole pine stands and in three adjacent clearings. The largest ...
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Gore-Tex, House Wrap and Stomates
Want to develop an appreciation for Gore-Tex? All you need is five minutes in a rubber raincoat. But how do you know whether the North Face knock-off you've just purchased in China for a ridiculously low price is Gore-Tex or rubber? If you're a Decagon researcher, you dash back to your hotel room and clamp a porometer onto the fabric. Decagon's porometer was designed to measure stomatal ...
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Observations and snow model simulations of winter energy balance terms within and between different coniferous forests in southern boreal Finland
Variation of canopy properties between different forest types is seldom taken into account in hydrological and climate models, and consideration of variation inside a forest is normally omitted. In this work, three data sets on near surface energy balance terms (incoming shortwave and longwave radiation; air and snow–soil interface temperatures) were collected in the southern boreal ...
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Spatial analysis of early wheat canopy normalized difference vegetative index
Efficient use of real-time canopy sensors requires knowledge of the scale (resolution) of variation in the measured canopy property. Knowing the amount of needed optical data requires estimation of the optimal combination of physical sensor density (number of sensors along the applicator boom) and sensor output density (sensor readings per unit distance along the travel path). The objective of ...
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Evaluating the models of stomatal conductance response to humidity in a tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna, southwest China
The ecosystem-level fluxes of water vapour and carbon dioxide were measured from 2003 to 2006 at a tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna, southwest China, using the eddy covariance (EC) technique. These flux measurements allowed the canopy-level evaluation of stomatal conductance (g) response to humidity models. The results showed that both the BWB model and the Leuning model discussed here ...
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Hail Netting For Cold Climates
In a world acutely aware of the changes in weather, protection from that weather has become a growing concern. Hail is one type of weather that can cause a lot of damage to property, especially cars. Hail is the result of warm and cold systems colliding. Protection from hail looks different in warm and cold climates. Failing to have adequate protection from hail storms could have disastrous ...
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AquaCrop—The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: III. Parameterization and testing for maize
The first crop chosen to parameterize and test the new FAO AquaCrop model is maize (Zea mays L.). Working mainly with data sets from 6 yr of maize field experiments at Davis, CA, plus another 4 yr of Davis maize canopy data, a set of conservative (nearly constant) parameters of AquaCrop, presumably applicable to widely different conditions and not specific to a given crop cultivar, was evaluated ...
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Variation in photosynthetic photon flux density within a tropical seasonal rain forest of Xishuangbanna, south-western China
The effects of canopy development, solar angle, and weather conditions on temporal variation in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) at three heights within a tropical rain forest canopy in Xishuangbanna, China, were examined. PPFD was measured every second and stored as 10-min averages from 1 December 2002 to 30 November 2003. PPFD variability was examined at three different tempcral ...
By IOS Press
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A simple spectral index using reflectance of 735 nm to assess nitrogen status of rice canopy
Spatial distribution of canopy N status is the primary information needed for precision management of N fertilizer. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a simple spectral index (SI) using the first derivative of canopy reflectance spectrum at 735 nm (dR/d|735) to assess N concentration of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants, and then validated the applicability of a simplified imaging system ...
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