cotton yield Articles
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Forecasting cotton yield in the southeastern United States using coupled global circulation models
We developed methods of forecasting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. hirsutum) yields at a county level 3 mo before harvest for the states of Alabama and Georgia. Cotton yield historical records for 57 counties were obtained from NASS and detrended using a low-pass spectral filter. A Canonical Correlation Analysis regression-based model was annually recalibrated to incorporate the year-by-year ...
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Cotton yield responses to fertilizer Nitrogen rates in a cotton-corn rotation
The amount of N fertilizer needed for optimal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield in cotton-corn (Zea mays L.) rotations should be established to enhance the agronomic, economic, and environmental sustainability of crop rotations in the mid-southern United States. Nitrogen rates were evaluated in field studies from 1996 through 2001 on Commerce silt loam (SL) (fine-silty, mixed, nonacid, thermic ...
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The economic impacts of second generation Bt cotton in West Africa: empirical evidence from Burkina Faso
West Africa has been slow in adopting agricultural biotechnology. The most progressive stance has been taken by Burkina Faso, which began field testing Bt cotton in 2003. This paper reports the first three years of Bt cotton field trials, which found that Bt cotton increased cotton yields by an average of 20% and reduced insecticide applications by two-thirds. While the technical success of Bt ...
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Impact of heterozygosity and heterogeneity on cotton lint yield stability
In the last 8 yr, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growers in North Carolina have experienced variations in the year-to-year lint yield averages that range from a 56% increase to a 49% decrease. This variability results in wild fluctuations in income and a desire for more stable yields. Genetic structure may contribute to stability. This study was conducted to determine the impact of heterozygosity ...
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Nitrogen mineralization in a pecan ( Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States
Information on temporal and spatial patterns of N mineralization is critical in designing tree-crop mixed systems that could maximize N uptake while minimizing N loss. We quantified N mineralization rates in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in northwestern Florida with (non-barrier) and without tree-crop belowground interactions (barrier ...
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Crop response to rotation and tillage in peanut-based cropping systems
Production of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in reduced tillage systems has increased in the United States during the past decade. However, interactions of tillage system and crop rotation have not been thoroughly investigated for large-seeded, Virginia market type peanut. Research was conducted at two locations in North Carolina during 1999 to 2006 to compare yield of corn (Zea mays L.), cotton ...
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Economic cost of non-adoption of Bt-cotton in West Africa: with special reference to Mali
A major public policy issue in West Africa is whether or not, and how, to introduce Bt-cotton in the region. The implications of non-adoption may be more significant than, for example, the issues often raised concerning cotton subsidies in advanced countries. This paper provides estimates of the potential benefits from Bt-cotton if introduced in West Africa. Our analysis shows significant ...
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Comparative plant growth and development in two cotton rotations under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions
Incorporating perennial grasses such as bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Fluegge) to diversify the conventional two-crop rotation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) prevalent in the U.S. Southeast (SE) is advocated. However, little is reported on growth and development for cotton grown in rotation with perennial grasses. Our objectives were to compare plant ...
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Subsurface drip and overhead irrigation: a comparison of plant boll distribution in upland cotton
Although subsurface drip (SSD) is used as a water-efficient alternative to overhead irrigation in many crops, the effects of SSD on the distribution of bolls on cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have not been thoroughly examined. The purpose of this study was to add to the current knowledge about the effects of SSD on cotton yield dynamics. Cultivar DP 488 BG/RR was grown in three studies ...
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Equivalency of broiler litter to ammonium nitrate as a cotton fertilizer in an upland soil
Estimates of litter value based on crop yield equivalency to inorganic fertilization may reflect the actual value of litter more accurately than estimates based on its N, P, and K content. The primary objective of this research was to identify a rate of broiler litter that results in cotton lint yield equivalent to inorganic N fertilization and to estimate litter value based on this yield ...
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Modeling irrigation management strategies to maximize cotton lint yield and water use efficiency
Increasing pumping costs and declining well capacities in the Southern High Plains compel producers to seek irrigation strategies to maximize yield and water use efficiency (WUE), which is the ratio of yield to evapotranspiration (ET). Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is suited to deficit irrigation using wells ranging from 0.29 to 0.93 L s–1 ha–1 capacity to supply limited, 2.5 mm d–1, to ...
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No-till and conventional-till cotton response to broiler litter fertilization in an upland soil: lint yield
The effectiveness of poultry litter as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fertilizer is not well documented for upland soils in the southern and southeastern United States. The objective of this research was to measure cotton yield response to broiler litter fertilization in contrast to inorganic N fertilization and to quantify yield reduction due to lack of incorporation under no-till and ...
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Accounting for adaptation in assessing impact of climatic variations on crop yields: an empirical study of Arizona
The goal of this paper is to analyze the impacts of climatic variation around current normals on crop yields and explore corresponding adaptation effects in Arizona, using a unique panel data. The empirical results suggest that both fertilizer use and irrigation are important adaptations to climate change in crop production. Fertilizer use has a positive impact on crop yields as expected. ...
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Bt-cotton boosts the gross margin of small-scale cotton producers in South Africa
This paper explores some of the issues involved in the Genetic Modification (GM) debate by focusing on one crop that has been modified for pest resistance, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and commercially released to small-scale farmers in the Makhathini Flats, KwaZulu Natal, the Republic of South Africa. This was the first commercial release of a GM variety (Bt-cotton) in Sub-Saharan Africa, and ...
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Cotton Planting date: yield, seedling survival, and plant growth
New cultivars, changes in technology and production practices, and climate change may have altered the optimal planting time for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the midsouthern United States. A field experiment was conducted from 2002 through 2005 on Gigger silt loam to define planting date (PD) effects on selected cotton cultivars. Six cultivars in 2002 (Deltapine DP555BR and Delta Pearl, ...
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Furrow seeding with plastic mulching increases stand establishment and lint yield of cotton in a saline field
Uniform stand establishment is essential for profitable cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in saline fields. This study was conducted during 2003 and 2004 to determine if furrow-bed seeding and plastic mulching improve stand establishment and cotton lint yield in a saline field. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with seeding patterns (flat-seeded and furrow-seeded) as main ...
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Impact of varying planting Dates and tillage systems on cotton growth and lint yield production
As economic conditions deteriorated, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producers have looked to improve profit margins by reducing inputs while maintaining yields. Pairing the yield benefits from early planting with the input reductions from conservation tillage might help accomplish those goals. The objective was to determine how growth, lint yield, and fiber quality were impacted by planting ...
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Indian government still ‘flip flopping’ on GM trials
In August, India’s ruling nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) stopped its legislators from accepting Monsanto sponsorship to attend a farm exhibition in the US state of Iowa. On the surface this might seem strange: attending the Farm Progress Show should be innocuous, as Monsanto routinely takes farmers, industry experts, media and MPs from various countries to visit the show and ...
By SciDev.Net
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Cotton subsurface drip and overhead irrigation efficiency, maturity, yield, and quality
Subsurface drip (SSD) is used as a water-efficient alternative to overhead irrigation in many crops. This study compared soil water, water use, crop maturity, lint yield, and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown with SSD to cotton grown with overhead irrigation. Three experiments were conducted at two Georgia locations in 2004 and 2005. Treatments consisted of overhead irrigated, ...
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Solid and skip-row spacings for irrigated and nonirrigated upland cotton
Producers of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) are interested in alternative row spacings and planting patterns to improve productivity. We conducted factorial experiments for 3 yr in adjacent irrigated and nonirrigated fields at Milan, TN, of cotton grown in 25-, 76- and 102-cm rows, each planted in a solid and 2 x 1 skip-row pattern. Narrower rows and solid plantings tended to close canopy ...
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