crop water Articles
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Utilizing Optical Satellite Imagery to Monitor Temporal and Spatial Changes of Crop Water Stress - Alfalfa- Case Study
The study was accepted for publication in the academic journal “Water”. It suggests a new way of mapping the crop water stress on the pixel level – Optical Stress Index ...
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Methods for creating stomatal impressions directly onto archivable slides
Stomatal density has been shown to be a primary determinant of crop yield, water use efficiency, and limitation to CO2 assimilation rate. Widely used methods of assessing stomatal density sample relatively small regions of the leaf, are labor intensive, or do not yield stable archivable samples for revisiting samples. We describe several methods of producing such epidermal impressions that yield ...
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Genotypic variation in peanut for transpiration response to vapor pressure deficit
Conservation of soil water resulting from decreases in stomata conductance under atmospheric high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) conditions is a possible approach for enhanced tolerance of water deficit by crops. Water deficit is usually a concern in peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) since it is frequently grown on sandy soils with low water-holding capacity. Seventeen peanut genotypes were studied to ...
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Methods for creating stomatal impressions directly onto archivable slides
Stomatal density has been shown to be a primary determinant of crop yield, water use efficiency, and limitation to CO2 assimilation rate. Widely used methods of assessing stomatal density sample relatively small regions of the leaf, are labor intensive, or do not yield stable archivable samples for revisiting samples. We describe several methods of producing such epidermal impressions that yield ...
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Macroalgal standing crop estimate – fast method using ultralight aircraft
A simple and low-cost method for monitoring macroalgal standing crops in shallow water consists of flying over and photographing the areas in an ultralight aircraft to determine the surface area of macroalgal mats. In the proposed method, photos are analysed by AUTOCAD software and mat density is then estimated in the field. Using mat density and bottom surface covered by mats, a rough estimate ...
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Analysis of the hydraulics of the irrigation canals of Otrar, Kazakhstan
Surveys of relic canals at the Oasis of Otrar in Kazakhstan have been used to re-construct patterns of agricultural water use for irrigation between AD700 and AD1500. Hydraulic simulation software was used to calculate the water carrying capacity of historical irrigation canal networks. An analysis of modern day irrigation systems has enabled the calibration of crop water use models and an ...
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Tal-Ya Featured as Company which Fights World Hunger
Tal-Ya was covered in NoCamels as one of four technologies in an article titled “These Israeli Companies Fight World Hunger with Innovative Technologies” by Roseanne Tabachnik. While water scarcity has plagued desert countries for decades, it is no longer an inevitable concern for Israel’s desert thanks to technologies like Tal-Ya Agriculture Solutions. The Israeli firm has ...
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Evaluation of yield, quality and crop water stress index of sugar beet under different irrigation regimes
This study was carried out to evaluate the use of the crop water stress index (CWSI) for irrigation scheduling of sugar beet for two years under the semi arid climate of Iran. Statistical relationships between CWSI and yield, quality parameters and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were investigated. Irrigations were scheduled based on 100 (I100), 85 (I85), 70 (I50) and 0% (I0) of plant ...
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Estimating plant-available water using the simple inverse yield model for claypan landscapes
Plant-available water (PAW) is one of the fundamental soil factors affecting crop yield, yet quantitative determination of plant-available water capacity (PAWc) at a field scale has been challenging. A simple inverse yield model (SIYM) has been devised and shown to be successful in estimating PAWc at a field scale for well-drained soils by matching simulated corn (Zea mays L.) yield with measured ...
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The effect of rigid scheduling on productivity and water-use of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown under small-scale irrigation
This paper evaluates the results of a study highlighting the effect of rigid scheduling on crop water use and soil water extraction patterns, crop coefficients, crop response functions and water-use efficiency (WUE). The cumulative Penman potential evapotranspiration (Etp) at the end of the season reached around 400 mm and the total depth of water applied between planting and harvest through ...
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Effects of changes in climatic variables on maize crop water requirements in Huang–Huai–Hai watersheds, China
The study of crop water requirements (CWR) under climate change is critical for reasonable crop irrigation. In the present study, the effects of changes in climatic variables from 1961 to 2010 on maize CWR in Huang–Huai–Hai (HHH) watersheds in China were investigated. Five daily climatic factors including maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (u2), ...
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Hedonic analysis of farmland prices: the case of Aragon
A hedonic approach is used to study farmland prices in Aragon (Spain). Data over 450 transactions in 33 shires, in 2001 and 2002 are analysed. The marginal values for irrigated vs. non-irrigated land, the productive orientation and the differentiation of production through a Designation of Origin (D.O.) are used as explanatory variables. Socio-economic variables are also included. A Box-Cox ...
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Modeling the impacts of increase in temperature on irrigation water requirements in Palakkad district: a case study in humid tropical Kerala
Rise in temperature is one of the predicted impacts of climate change with significant implications on water resources management. An attempt has been made to calculate the water requirement of crops in different agro-ecological zones of Palakkad district in humid tropical Kerala using the CROPWAT 8.0 model. Sensitivity analysis was done for a simulated rise in temperature from 0.5 to 3.0 ...
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Soil Water Sensors for Agriculture – Theory and Issues
Soil water sensors have been used for irrigation and water management in agriculture for many years, but with limited success in many cases. Nonetheless, the use of soil water sensors in increasing as water scarcity increases and, conversely, problems associated with over irrigation also increase. Common problems with soil water sensing included sensor failure, problems with wiring, lack of or ...
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Novel simulation-based algorithms for optimal open-loop and closed-loop scheduling of deficit irrigation systems
The scarcity of water compared with the abundance of land constitutes the main drawback within agricultural production. Besides the improvement of irrigation techniques a task of primary importance is solving the problem of intra-seasonal irrigation scheduling under limited seasonal water supply. An efficient scheduling algorithm has to take into account the crops' response to water stress at ...
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The sustainability challenge: Meeting the needs of the water-energy nexus
In 2009 Davos World Economic Forum reported that the world is quickly heading towards “water bankruptcy.” As global population soars, food, energy and freshwater are becoming increasingly scarce. Water, whether for potable or industrial use, is limited, and some supplies are not useable. The need for water in the developed world is high. Two-thirds of all the water consumed is used ...
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The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration in a rainfed maize field on the Loess Plateau of China
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major crop on the Loess Plateau, and calculating the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) of maize is important for estimating field water balance. In this study, the sap flow method was adopted to measure transpiration (T) characteristics of maize. In order to calibrate the sap flow gauge, the sap flow rate was compared to the leaf T determined by the ...
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Validating the FAO aquaCrop model for irrigated and water deficient field maize
Accurate crop development models are important tools in evaluating the effects of water deficits on crop yield or productivity. The FAO AquaCrop model predicts crop productivity, water requirement, and water use efficiency (WUE) under water-limiting conditions. A set of conservative parameters [calibrated and validated for maize (Zea mays L.) in a prior study and considered applicable to a wide ...
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Two Approaches for Optimizing Water Productivity
Agricultural Research Service researchers in Bushland, Texas, are helping farmers make the most of their water supplies in a region where they depend on the Ogallala Aquifer, a massive underground reservoir under constant threat of overuse. Steve Evett, Susan O'Shaughnessy, and their colleagues at the Conservation and Production Research Laboratory are developing and testing soil-water and ...
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The impact of climate change and soil salinity in irrigation water demand on the Gaza Strip
The presented work analyzes the potential impacts of the temperature, precipitation changes and water salinity on agricultural water demand. The study was carried out on five representative orchard crops (olive, palm, grapes, citrus and guava) that cover around 83% of the orchard farms in Gaza Strip. To achieve this goal, CropWat modeling software version 8.0 is used to calculate the ...
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