insect development stage Articles
1 articles found
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Comparative chronic toxicity of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam to Chironomus dilutus and estimation of toxic equivalency factors
Non‐target aquatic insects are susceptible to chronic neonicotinoid insecticide exposure during the early stages of development from repeated run‐off events and prolonged persistence of these chemicals. Investigations on the chronic toxicity of neonicotinoids to aquatic invertebrates have been limited to a few species, under different laboratory conditions that often preclude direct ...
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