Multigenerational effects of carbendazim in Daphnia magna
Carbendazim is a fungicide largely used in agriculture as a plant protection product. Due to agricultural runoffs, drainage and leaching it reaches surface waters at concentrations possibly hazardous to aquatic communities. Due to potential and continuous release of carbendazim to aquatic systems, long term exposure to aquatic organisms should be addressed. To fill the knowledge gap on this, the present study evaluated the responses of multigenerations of Daphnia magna (clone K6) to an environmental relevant concentration of carbendazim (5 µg/L). In this study, 12 successive generations were evaluated and the effects in these offsprings were compared to those from a control population. Neonates' fitness was assessed through immobilisation, reproduction and feeding activity tests along with the comet assay for the in vivo DNA damage evaluation. In addition, recovery from long‐term exposure was also assessed. In the F5 generation, the results revealed that when daphnids were re‐exposed to carbendazim DNA damage was higher in daphnids continuously exposed to carbendazim than those from clean medium. After daphnids were moved to a clean medium a low recovery potential was observed for DNA damage. Daphnids exposed continuously for six generations (F6) to carbendazim presented an increase on feeding rates when re‐exposed to carbendazim compared with F6 daphnids reared in clean medium. The continuous exposure of daphnids to carbendazim induced a significant increase in DNA damage from F0 to F12 generation. Deleterious effects of the multigenerational exposure to carbendazim were more prominent at a subcellular level (DNA damage) compared to the individual level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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