490 Articles found
IWA Publishing Articles
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Modelling seasonal evapotranspiration of arid lands in China
The measurement of actual evapotranspiration, a key term in the water balance equation, has become a very important issue. Many good methods exist for estimating actual evapotranspiration; however, most of these require complicated inputs. Here, a ...
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Aspect and soil textural controls on snowmelt runoff on forested Boreal Plain hillslopes
Plot studies were conducted on a jack pine forest with sandy soil and aspen forests with sandy and loam soils to examine the controls of slope aspect, soil texture and fall soil moisture content on near-surface snowmelt runoff and infiltration. It ...
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Prediction of daily crop reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values through a least-squares support vector machine model
Real-time prediction of daily reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is the basis for estimating crop evapotranspiration and for computing crop irrigation requirements. In recent years, least-squares support vector machines (LSSVMs) have been ...
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Evaluating the models of stomatal conductance response to humidity in a tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna, southwest China
The ecosystem-level fluxes of water vapour and carbon dioxide were measured from 2003 to 2006 at a tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna, southwest China, using the eddy covariance (EC) technique. These flux measurements allowed the canopy-level ...
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Sorption of Pb(II) by poly(hydroxamic acid) grafted oil palm empty fruit bunch
This paper describes the sorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber was first grafted with poly(methylacrylate) and then treated with hydroxylammonium chloride in alkaline medium to produce hydroxamic acid ...
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Joint production of timber and water: a case study
The integration of water production values for forest ecosystems into forest management models has become increasingly important in sustainable forest management in recent years because forests play a vital role in the quantity and quality of ...
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Massive freshwater gains from producing food at sea
Water scarcity may be the most limiting factor to increasing world food production. Irrigation water is already overdrawn beyond sustainable levels and to increase reliance on rainfed agriculture is risky, even more so with climate change. However, ...
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Institutional analysis of irrigation management in Haiti: a case study of three farmer managed schemes
In the late 1990s, like many other developing countries, Haiti started a process of devolving responsibilities over irrigation scheme management to water users’ associations. In this paper, a three-step methodology for institutional analysis is ...
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The importance of irrigation water rights: lessons from South Africa and Tunisia
With increasing water scarcity, research on policy options for improved water allocation and governance has become an urgent priority for many developing and developed countries. More and more, the focus is placed on institutional reforms but ...
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Optimal crop planning using a chance constrained linear programming model
A monthly time-stepped chance constrained linear programming (CCLP) model was developed to derive optimal cropping patterns and optimal operational strategies for the Sri Ram Sagar Project, with stochastic inflows. The stochastic nature of the ...
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Biosorption of Methylene Blue onto spent corncob substrate: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies
This study focuses on the possible use of the spent corncob substrate (SCS), an agricultural waste used after the cultivation of white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, to adsorb Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. A batch adsorption study was ...
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Nutrient loads and their impacts on chlorophyll <italic>a</italic> in the Mae Klong River and estuarine ecosystem: an approach for nutrient criteria development
Investigations on the water quality of the Mae Klong River and Estuary were conducted from April 2005 to February 2006 during periods of early-, mid-, and late-loading. Nutrient loads and transfer patterns were studied together with clarification of ...
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Evaluation of cattle bedding and grazing BMPs in an agricultural watershed in Alberta
This paper highlights the environmental impacts of implementing beneficial management practices to address cattle bedding and direct access to the creek in a study watershed in southern Alberta, Canada. Approximately 35 cow–calf pairs grazed 194 ha ...
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Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue onto agricultural wastes lotus leaf in bath and column modes
The adsorption potential of lotus leaf to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was investigated in batch and fixed-bed column experiments. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Koble–Corrigan isotherm models were employed to discuss the ...
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Critical source area management of agricultural phosphorus: experiences, challenges and opportunities
The concept of critical source areas of phosphorus (P) loss produced by coinciding source and transport factors has been studied since the mid 1990s. It is widely recognized that identification of such areas has led to targeting of management ...
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On the use of non-negative matrix factorisation to characterise wastewater from dairy processing plants
A portable field spectrometer was used to record the time-resolved ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectrum of the effluent stream at two different dairy processing plants (a Drier Plant and Cheese Factory). The spectra exhibited significant ...
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<italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> Abel shells as a new biosorbent to remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions
This study aimed at investigating the feasibility of using Camellia oleifera Abel shell (COAS), an agriculture product in middle-west region in China, for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye. Batch adsorption experiments were ...
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Nutrient export in run-off from an in-field cattle overwintering site in East-Central Saskatchewan
Wintering cattle directly in the field creates potential concerns with water quality, as nutrients added from urine and fecal material over the winter can end up in runoff water, ground water and soil. In 2008/2009 an experiment was conducted to ...
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Adsorption of Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions in batch system by using the <italic>Eichhornia crassipes</italic>
In this work, the displacement effects on the sorption capacities of zinc and cadmium ions of the Eichornia crassipes-type biosorbent in batch binary system has been studied. Preliminary single metal sorption experiments were carried out. An ...
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Anaerobic degradation of palm oil mill effluent (POME)
The biodegradation characteristics of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and the related microbial community were studied in both actual sequential anaerobic ponds in Malaysia and enrichment cultures. The significant degradation of the POME was observed ...