322 Articles found
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Articles
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Projected mercury dietary exposure of three bird species nesting on a contaminated floodplain (South River, VA, USA)
Dietary mercury exposure was modeled for Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), Eastern song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) and Eastern screech owl (Otus asio) nesting on the contaminated South River floodplain (Virginia, USA). Parameterization of ...
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The fate of lead at abandoned and active shooting ranges in a boreal pine forest
Changes in leaching, availability, bioaccumulation, and vertical distribution of lead (Pb) in soil 20 years after the cessation of shooting activity were studied by comparing three pine forest sites in southern Finland: an active shooting range, ...
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Mercury concentrations of a resident freshwater forage fish at Adak Island, Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska
The Aleutian Archipelago is an isolated arc of over 300 volcanic islands stretching 1,600 km across the interface of the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean. Although remote, some Aleutian Islands were heavily impacted by military activities from ...
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Effects of nanopolystyrene on the feeding behavior of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.)
As the industrial production of nanoplastic and the degradation of microplastic into smaller particles at sea increase, the potential amount of nanoplastics in the marine environment rises. It has been reported that mussels uptake 100‐nm ...
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Can natural variability trigger effects on fish and fish habitat as defined in Environment Canada's metal mining environmental effects monitoring program?
The Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (MMER) took effect in 2002 and require most metal mining operations in Canada to complete Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) programs. An “effect” under the MMER EEM program is considered any positive or ...
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Methods for predicting the rate constant for uptake of organic chemicals from water by fish
Bioaccumulation is an important information requirement for chemicals risk assessment. The most widely used test guideline for measuring bioaccumulation in fish is the OECD 305 test guideline and, in the future, it is likely to include a dietary ...
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Pathogenic infection confounds induction of the estrogenic biomarker vitellogenin in rainbow trout
To examine the behavior of the estrogenic biomarker vitellogenin (VTG) under the combined impact of estrogens and pathogens, parasite‐infected or noninfected rainbow trout were exposed to two doses of 17β‐estradiol (E2). Infected and E2‐exposed fish ...
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Trenbolone causes mortality and altered sexual differentiation in Xenopus tropicalis during larval development
Trenbolone is an androgen agonist used in cattle production and has been measured in aquatic systems associated with concentrated animal‐feeding operations. In this study, the authors characterized the effects of aqueous exposure to 17β‐trenbolone ...
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A silviculture application of the glyphosate‐based herbicide Visionmax to wetlands has limited direct effects on amphibian larvae
Herbicides are commonly used in agriculture and silviculture to reduce interspecific competition among plants and thereby enhance crop growth, quality, and volume. Internationally, glyphosate‐based herbicides are the most widely used herbicides in ...
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Toxic effects of PCB126 and TCDD on shortnose sturgeon and Atlantic sturgeon
Exposure to chemical contaminants is often invoked to explain recruitment failures to populations of sturgeon worldwide, but there is little empirical evidence to support the idea that young sturgeon are sensitive at environmentally relevant ...
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Response of biomarkers in amphibian larvae to in situ exposures in a fruit‐producing region in North Patagonia, Argentina
The authors evaluated biomarker responses in caged larvae of the amphibian Rhinella arenarum in water channels during fruit production season, and compared them with those elicited by a transient exposure to azinphos methyl (AzM) (0.02–2 mg/L; 4 h), ...
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Influence of humic acid on the uptake of aqueous metals by the killifish Fundulus heteroclitus
The role of humicacids was investigated over a concentration range of 0 to 20 mg L−1 in the uptake of three metals (Cd, Cr, and Hg—as both inorganic Hg [Hg(II)] and methylmercury [MeHg]) and a metalloid (As) from the aqueous phase by the killifish ...
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Oxytetracycline interactions at the soil–water interface: Effects of environmental surfaces on natural transformation and growth inhibition of Azotobacter vinelandii
The mechanism of oxytetracycline (OTC) adsorption to a silty clay loam soil was investigated using sorption isotherm experiments, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Sorption data fit well to a ...
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p‐nitrophenol toxicity to and its removal by three select soil isolates of microalgae: The role of antioxidants
The nontarget effects, in terms of biochemical changes induced by p‐nitrophenol (PNP) in three soil microalgae, Chlorella sp., Chlorococcum sp., and Heterochlamydomonas sp., and the PNP removal efficiency of these isolates were determined. On ...
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Toxicity and bioaccumulation of biosolids‐borne triclosan in food crops
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound commonly found in biosolids. Thus, plants grown in biosolids‐amended soil may be exposed to TCS. The authors evaluated the plant toxicity and accumulation potential of biosolids‐borne TCS in two ...
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The effect of nitrobenzene on antioxidative enzyme activity and DNA damage in tobacco seedling leaf cells
Nitrobenzene, although widely used in industry, is a highly toxic environmental pollutant. To evaluate the toxicity of nitrobenzene to tobacco seedlings, seedlings were exposed to varying concentrations of nitrobenzene (0–100 mg/L) for 24 h. The ...
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Bioaccumulation and distribution of perfloroalkyl acids in seafood products from Bohai Bay, China
Ten perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were measured in the seafood collected from Bohai Bay, China, in 2010. The summed concentrations of the PFAAs were in the ranges of ND–194 and 4.0 to 304 ng/g dry weight for invertebrates and fish, respectively. The ...
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Standardized methods for acute and semichronic toxicity tests with the copepod Acartia tonsa
The availability of standardized protocols for both organism culture and bioassay with ecologically relevant species is of great concern in ecotoxicology. Acartia tonsa represents an important, often dominant, member of zooplankton communities and ...
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Comparing soil chemistries of leached and nonleached copper‐amended soils
Leaching metal‐spiked samples has been proposed as a means to reduce the artifacts of the spiking procedure (e.g., salt effect, increased metal solubility) that can artificially increase metal bioaccessibility and toxicity in laboratory ecotoxicity ...
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MEASURING BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS IN FISH USING EXPOSURE TO MULTIPLE CHEMICALS AND INTERNAL BENCHMARKING TO CORRECT FOR GROWTH DILUTION
Modern chemical legislation requires the measurement of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of large numbers of chemicals in fish. The BCF needs to be corrected for growth dilution as fish growth rates vary between laboratories. Two hypotheses were ...