179 Articles found
Springer-Verlag GmbH Articles
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Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere
Using a servosphere (locomotion compensator), locomotory behavior of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae was measured in detail in response to pulsed and non-pulsed odors of hostplant and ...
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Visual search and the importance of time in complex decision making by bees
Psychophysicists studying decision making in animals have overwhelmingly focused on choice accuracy, not speed. Results from human visual search, however, show that there might be a tight link between the two. Here we review both visual-sensory and ...
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Mutations perturbing petal cell shape and anthocyanin synthesis influence bumblebee perception of Antirrhinum majus flower colour
We wished to understand the effects on pollinator behaviour of single mutations in plant genes controlling flower appearance. To this end, we analysed snapdragon flowers (Antirrhinum majus), including the mixta and nivea mutants, in controlled ...
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Visual ecology of aphids—a critical review on the role of colours in host finding
We review the rich literature on behavioural responses of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to stimuli of different colours. Only in one species there are adequate physiological data on spectral sensitivity to explain behaviour crisply in mechanistic ...
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Polyphagy and primary host plants: oviposition preference versus larval performance in the lepidopteran pest Helicoverpa armigera
Oviposition preference and several measures of offspring performance of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) were investigated on a subset of its host plants that were selected for their reputed importance in the field in Australia. They included cotton, ...
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Behavioural and chemical ecology underlying the success of turnip rape (Brassica rapa) trap crops in protecting oilseed rape (Brassica napus) from the pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus)
There is increasing interest in the use of trap crops as components of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Understanding the mechanisms underlying host plant preferences of herbivorous pests can lead to improved effectiveness and ...
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Enhancement of salt tolerance in transgenic rice expressing an Escherichia coli catalase gene, kat E
Rice (Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salt stresses and cannot survive under low salt conditions, such as 50 mM NaCl. In an attempt to improve salt tolerance of rice, we introduced katE, a catalase gene of Escherichia coli, into japonica rice ...
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Anthocyanin production by over-expression of grape transcription factor gene VlmybA2 in transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis
An myb-related transcription factor gene of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, VlmybA2, from the Kyoho grape (Vitis labruscana) was introduced into tobacco and Arabidopsis under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The ...
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Utilization of the bar gene to develop an efficient method for detection of the pollen-mediated gene flow in Chinese cabbage ( Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis )
To develop an efficient screening method for detection of the transgene in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis) utilizing Basta spray, optimal conditions for Basta application were examined in this study. Two transgenic Chinese cabbage ...
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Tissue-specific expression of rice CYP72A21 induced by auxins and herbicides
Cytochrome monooxygenase P450s (CYPs) comprise one of the largest enzyme families in plants. Some P450s are involved in xenobiotic metabolism: they confer herbicide tolerance and are induced by chemical treatments. We isolated a novel P450 cDNA, ...
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Plant regeneration from zygotic embryo-derived embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Ranunculus kazusensis
Culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from cell suspension cultures of Ranunculus kazusensis are described. Zygotic embryos formed white nodular structures and pale-yellow calluses at a frequency of 84.9% ...
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Plant regeneration via direct somatic embryogenesis in Panax japonicus
Panax japonicus is one of the important medicinal plants. Here, we established the protocol for plant regeneration of P. japonicus via direct somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos were directly obtained from the segments of zygotic embryos on MS ...
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Ammonium fixation in selected California decomposed granites
Abstract Revegetation on disturbed, low organic matter content, decomposed granite (DG) substrates are limited by low plant-available moisture and nitrogen. Data from a single DG site in northern California, USA, showed that a significant ...
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Shifts in plant nutrient use strategies under secondary forest succession
Abstract In evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) in Tiantong National Forest Park, Eastern China, we studied the soil chemistry and plant leaf nutrient concentration along a chronosequence of secondary forest succession. Soil total N, P and ...
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Growth and ion relations in response to combined salinity and waterlogging in the perennial forage legumes Lotus corniculatus and Lotus tenuis
Abstract Lotus tenuis (Wadst. & Kit.) is a perennial legume widely grown for pasture in the flood-prone and salt affected Pampa region of Argentina. The physiology of salt and waterlogging tolerance in L. tenuis (four cultivars) was evaluated, ...
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Cover crop effects on the fate of N following soil application of swine manure
Abstract Cereal grain cover crops increase surface cover, anchor corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] residues, increase infiltration, reduce both rill and interrill erosion, scavenge excess nutrients from the soil, and ...
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Soil CO2 efflux in uneven-aged managed forests: temporal patterns following harvest and effects of edaphic heterogeneity
AbstractForest management is expected to influence soil CO2 efflux (FCO2) as a result of changes in microclimatic conditions, soil properties, and root dynamics. We measured FCO2 during the growing seasons of 2003 and 2004 in both gap and non-gap ...
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Relationships between ericaceous vegetation and soil nutrient status in a post-fire Kalmia angustifolia-black spruce chronosequence
Abstract Post-fire nutrient flushes are an important precursor to secondary succession in fire-driven boreal forest. We studied the magnitude of changes in post-fire soil nutrient status across a chronosequence of ericaceous shrub-dominated ...
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Fertilizer vs. organic matter contributions to nitrogen leaching in cropping systems of the Pampas: 15N application in field lysimeters
Abstract Nitrogen (N) export from soils to streams and groundwater under the intensifying cropping schemes of the Pampas is modest compared to intensively cultivated basins of Europe and North America; however, a slow N enrichment of water ...
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Availability of iodide and iodate to spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in relation to total iodine in soil solution
Abstract A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to investigate the availability of iodide and iodate to soil-grown spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in relation to total iodine concentration in soil solution. Four iodine concentrations (0, 0.5, ...