178 Articles found
Springer-Verlag GmbH Articles
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Assessing short-term responses of prokaryotic communities in bulk and rhizosphere soils to tall fescue endophyte infection
Abstract In contrast to endophyte-free (E−) tall fescue, endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue pastures appear to enhance soil carbon sequestration. A hypothetical mechanism that may account for the enhanced carbon sequestration is that the ...
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Influence of microbial activity on plant–microbial competition for organic and inorganic nitrogen
Abstract To investigate how the level of microbial activity in grassland soils affects plant–microbial competition for different nitrogen (N) forms, we established microcosms consisting of a natural soil community and a seedling of one of two ...
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Enhanced cadmium accumulation in maize roots—the impact of organic acids
Abstract Low molecular weight organic acids are important components of root exudates and therefore, knowledge regarding the mechanisms of cadmium (Cd) uptake and distribution within plants under the influence of organic acids, is necessary ...
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Evidence of active biotic influences in pedogenetic processes. Case studies from semiarid ecosystems of south-west Western Australia
Abstract Soil profiles and rooting morphologies were examined under an ecotone where open woodland of multi-stemmed, small, lignotuberous eucalypts (mallee) graded into proteaceous heath. Soils under the mallee showed a ...
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Evaluation of elemental allelopathy in Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (Russian Knapweed)
Abstract Although Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (Russian knapweed) is known to concentrate zinc (Zn) in upper soil layers, the question of whether the elevated Zn has an allelopathic effect on restoration species has not been addressed. Experiments ...
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Foliar Iron Fertilization of Peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch): Effects of Iron Compounds, Surfactants and Other Adjuvants
Abstract Experiments to assess the capability of different combinations of iron (Fe) compounds and adjuvants to provide Fe via foliar application to Fe-deficient plants have been carried out. A total of 80 formulations containing (1) one of five ...
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Effects of pH and Ca competition on complexation of cadmium by fulvic acids and by natural organic ligands from a river and a lake
Abstract The technique of competitive ligand-exchange/anodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-SV) was used to investigate effects of pH and Ca concentration on cadmium complexation by fulvic acid (FA), as well as Cd speciation in two different ...
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Soil management practices for sustainable agro-ecosystems
A doubling of the global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses a huge challenge for the sustainability of both food production and global and local environments. Today’s agricultural technologies may be increasing productivity to meet ...
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Progressive N limitation of plant response to elevated CO2: a microbiological perspective
Abstract A major uncertainty in predicting long-term ecosystem C balance is whether stimulation of net primary production will be sustained in future atmospheric CO2 scenarios. Immobilization of nutrients (N in particular) in plant biomass ...
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Responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to reciprocal transfers of soil between adjacent coniferous forest and meadow vegetation in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon
Abstract Little information exists on the responses of soil fungal and bacterial communities in high elevation coniferous forest/open meadow ecosystems of the northwest United States of America to treatments that impact vegetation and soil ...
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Ecology and molecular adaptations of the halophilic black yeast Hortaea werneckii
Molecular studies on halophilic adaptations have focused on prokaryotic microorganisms due to a lack of known appropriate eukaryotic halophilic microorganisms. However, the black yeast Hortaea werneckii has been identifiedas the dominant fungal ...
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Molecular evolution of haemoglobins of polar fishes
The Arctic and the Antarctic differ by age and isolation of the respective marine faunas. Antarctic fish are highly stenothermal, in response to stable water temperatures, whereas the Arctic ones are exposed to seasonal and latitudinal temperature ...
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Using a Choice Experiment to Estimate Farmers’ Valuation of Agrobiodiversity on Hungarian Small Farms
Agrobiodiversity is a crucial environmental resource. Much of the agrobiodiversity remaining in situ today is found on the semi-subsistence farms of poorer countries and the small-scale farms or home gardens of more industrialised nations. The ...
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The Effect of Off-farm Work on the Intensity of Agricultural Production
Changes in agricultural production methods have been associated with environmental pressure and a loss of natural habitats. This paper explores the extent to which farmer participation in off-farm work (an increasing phenomenon in most developed ...
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Energy dependant plant stress acclimation
Plants may live and grow under suboptimal environmental conditions having certain biochemical and metabolic adaptations that facilitate their survival. Plant ‘‘metabolic flexibility’’ consists of the accomplishment of the same step ina metabolic ...
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A Decade of Plant Species Changes on a Mire in the Italian Alps: Vegetation-Controlled or Climate-Driven Mechanisms?
Abstract Variation of plant species cover on a Sphagnum-dominated mire in the south-eastern Alps of Italy was assessed over a 10-year period in relation to depth to the water table, peat accumulation rate, and climate. Population dynamics of ...
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Planktonic microbial assemblages and the potential effects of metazooplankton predation on the food web of lakes from the maritime Antarctica and sub-Antarctic islands
Antarctica is the continent with the harshest climate on the Earth. Antarctic lakes, however, usually presents liquid water, at least during part of the year or below the ice cover, especially those from the sub-Antarctic islandsand the maritime ...
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Desiccation-tolerant plants in dry environments
The majority of terrestrial plants are unable to survive in very dry environments. However, a small group of plants, called ‘resurrection’ plants, are extremely desiccation-tolerant and are capable of losing more than 90% of thecellular water in ...
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Individual Rationality and the “Zonal Attachment” Principle: Three Stock Migration Models
Shared fish stocks migrate across borders between different countries’ exclusive economic zones. This paper discusses the individual rationality of fish-sharing agreements based on the zonal attachment of such stocks. Three types of migrations are ...
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Fisheries bioeconomics: why is it so widely misunderstood?
Many fisheries management systems, even when based on apparently sound science, have failed to prevent severe overfishing. And even when successful in this sense, such systems have frequently resulted in a large degree of excess fishing capacity. ...