agriculture landscapes Articles
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Korea's approach to non-trade concerns in the World Trade Organisation
Non-trade concerns (NTC) are legitimate issues for the WTO. Despite no technical definition being given, food security and environmental protection are referred to as NTC in the Agreement on Agriculture. Trade and policy implications for NTC are under discussion and regarded as the centrepiece of current negotiations. From Korea's perspective, this article identified food security, small-scale ...
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A comparison of the herbicide tolerances of rare and common plants in an agricultural landscape
Declining plant biodiversity in agroecosystems has often been attributed to escalating use of chemical herbicides, but other changes in farming systems, including the clearing of seminatural habitat fragments, confound the influence of herbicides. The present study introduces a new approach to evaluate the impacts of herbicide pollution on plant communities at landscape or regional scales. If ...
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Soil organic matter content effects on dermal pesticide bioconcentration in American toads (Bufo americanus)
Pesticides have been implicated as a major factor in global amphibian declines and may pose great risk to terrestrial phase amphibians moving to and from breeding ponds on agricultural landscapes. Dermal uptake from soil is known to occur in amphibians, but predicting pesticide availability and bioconcentration across soil types is not well understood. This study was designed to compare uptake ...
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Selecting and applying cesium-137 conversion models to estimate soil erosion rates in cultivated fields
Received for publication April 19, 2009. The fallout radionuclide cesium-137 (137Cs) has been successfully used in soil erosion studies worldwide. However, discrepancies often exist between the erosion rates estimated using various conversion models. As a result, there is often confusion in the use of the various models and in the interpretation of the data. Therefore, the objective of this study ...
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Nitrogen recovery from source-separated human urine using clinoptilolite and preliminary results of its use as fertilizer
The use of source separated human urine as fertilizer is one of the major suggestions of the new sanitation concept ECOSAN. Urine is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium which act as plant nutrients, however its salinity is high for agricultural and landscape purposes. Moreover, characteristics change significantly throughout storage where salinity increases to higher values as the ...
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New forms of local collective governance linked to the agricultural landscape: identifying the scope and possibilities for hybrid institutions
Over the last few years, there has been a significant increase in the focus on rural development and public goods within the common agricultural policy (CAP). Many researchers emphasise how this implies a need for new ways of implementing policy and innovative collaboration between various actors. Policymakers also acknowledge such needs. Local action groups and organisations have a significant ...
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Effects of herbicide‐treated host plants on the development of Mamestra brassicae L. caterpillars
Herbicides are widely used pesticides that affect plants by changing their chemistry. In doing so, herbicides might also influence the quality of plants as food for herbivores. To study the effects of herbicides on host plant quality, we treated 3 plant species (Plantago lanceolata L., P. major L., and Ranunculus acris L.) with sublethal rates of either a sulfonylurea (Atlantis WG, Bayer ...
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Volunteer corn presents new challenges for insect resistance management
Genetically-modified (GM) corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] dominate the North American agricultural landscape and are becoming increasingly important as biofuels. However, as herbicide-tolerance and insecticidal traits are often simultaneously expressed by individual plants, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine]-resistant (GR) volunteer corn is becoming a widespread ...
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Application of nitrogen and phosphorus criteria for streams in agricultural landscapes
Efforts to control eutrophication of water resources in agriculturally dominated ecosystems have focused on managing on-farm activities to reduce nutrient loss; however, another management measure for improving water quality is adoption of environmental performance criteria (or ‘outcome-based standards’). Here, we review approaches for setting environmental quality criteria for nutrients, ...
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Critical source area management of agricultural phosphorus: experiences, challenges and opportunities
The concept of critical source areas of phosphorus (P) loss produced by coinciding source and transport factors has been studied since the mid 1990s. It is widely recognized that identification of such areas has led to targeting of management strategies and conservation practices that more effectively mitigate P transfers from agricultural landscapes to surface waters. Such was the purpose of P ...
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Enhancing Agricultural Practices with Ozone for Farm Water Systems
Farmers constantly pursue innovative technologies to improve crop quality and yield in today’s ever-evolving agricultural landscape. Ozone systems have emerged as a game-changing solution in agriculture, offering myriad benefits. The ozone process not only purifies water and improves yield but also prevents mineral deposits from forming in pipes, leaving no chemical residue. This ...
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Land and pastoralism: New South Wales Riverina
The Riverina region in south-western New South Wales, Australia, is a discrete geographical area having unique patterns of soils and vegetation. During 170 years, it has been used productively for sheep and cattle grazing, but with significant detrimental impact on the natural systems. This article reviews the historical impact and suggests means of rehabilitating the landscape for the purposes ...
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Agrochemicals in field margins—assessing the impacts of herbicides, insecticides, and fertilizer on the common buttercup (Ranunculus acris)
The effects of herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer inputs on the common buttercup Ranunculus acris in field margins were studied in an experimental field study. The test design allowed us to investigate the single and combined effects of repeated herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer applications in successive growing seasons. To assess the effects of the agrochemical applications on R. ...
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Soil Microbial Community Response to Land Use Change in an Agricultural Landscape of Western Kenya
Tropical agroecosystems are subject to degradation processes such as losses in soil carbon, nutrient depletion, and reduced water holding capacity that occur rapidly resulting in a reduction in soil fertility that can be difficult to reverse. In this research, a polyphasic methodology has been used to investigate changes in microbial community structure and function in a series of tropical soils ...
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Survey of lanthanoids in plants from a tropical region
Several anthropogenic sources may provide lanthanoids (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb and Yb) to the agricultural and forestry landscapes. Because little information is available on the distribution of these chemical elements in Brazilian tropical ecosystems, this work focuses on the survey in leaves of diverse plant species (native trees, epiphytes and crops) from different ecosystems. Soil under crown ...
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Leaf Cares Article - Foliar Analysis
What is Leaf tissue testing? Leaf tissue testing is a crucial process for evaluating the concentration of essential elements within plant tissue. Essential nutrients, categorised as micronutrients and macronutrients, play key roles in sustaining the plant’s life cycle. Micronutrients, required in smaller amounts and macronutrients needed in larger amounts are essential for achieving ...
By SOILCARES
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Challenges and opportunities for a sustainable rice production in Europe and Mediterranean area
Rice is the second largest cereal crop grown worldwide. One-half of the world population and virtually all of East and Southeast Asia is wholly dependent upon rice. Rice production in the Mediterranean regions dates back to the seventh century. This crop was first introduced into Egypt and gradually spread, towards the fifteenth century, to most countries of the Mediterranean basin. Rice is at ...
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Effects of the herbicide dicamba on non‐target plants and pollinator visitation
Nearly 80% of all pesticides applied to row crops are herbicides, and these applications pose potentially significant ecotoxicological risks to non‐target plants and associated pollinators. In response to the widespread occurrence of weed species resistant to glyphosate, biotechnology companies have developed crops resistant to the synthetic‐auxin herbicides dicamba or 2,4‐D, and once ...
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Rising Temperature, Rising Food Prices
Agriculture as it exists today developed over 11,000 years of rather remarkable climate stability. It has evolved to maximize production within that climate system. Now, suddenly, the climate is changing. With each passing year, the agricultural system is becoming more out of sync with the climate system. In generations past, when there was an extreme weather event, such as a monsoon failure in ...
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Priming of prosopis cineraria (L.) druce and acacia tortilis (forssk) seeds with fulvic acid extracted from compost to improve germination and seedlin
Composting of waste plant materials and its use in agriculture and landscape sites is an environmental friendly way of reducing waste material and conserving the environment. In this perspectives a survey has been performed at the Dubai based International Center for Biosaline Agriculture to compost the plants based waste material (lawn cuttings-grass) to compost. The material was inoculated with ...
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