forage crop Articles
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Positive genetic correlation between forage yield and fiber of smooth Bromegrass
Voluntary intake potential of a forage crop is generally considered to be the most important feed characteristic regulating animal performance. Efforts to develop forage crops with reduced bulk volume, measured by neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration, have been associated with reduced plant fitness. The objective of this study was to evaluate a second cycle of divergent selection for NDF ...
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Biotechnology in developing countries: opportunities in solid state fermentation applied in the agricultural industry
This paper summarises the experiences in Israel and elsewhere of the biotechnological processing of organic matter experiences that could be applied in developing countries. Emphasis is given to relatively simple technologies, and the applications include preservation of forage crops and by-products, mushroom cultivation and recovery of plant cell contents. These technologies might increase milk ...
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Symbiotic and growth performance of supernodulating forage pea lines
The exploitation of nitrate-tolerant symbiosis (nts) mutants of pulse legumes is limited by the accompanying supernodulation trait, which causes uncontrolled initiation of excessive symbiotic nodules on the root. The resulting disproportion between the photosynthetic capacity and the catabolic activity of nodules leads to growth deprivation, regardless of the desirable enhancement of symbiotic N ...
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Aboveground to root biomass ratios in pea and vetch after treatment with organic fertilizer
Some growth parameters of pea (cv. Pleven 4) and vetch (cv. Obrazets 666) after treatment with organic fertilizer were studied in a field trial carried out at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Humustim as organic fertilizer was applied through presowing treatment of seeds, treatment during vegetation and combination between both, at different doses. Ratios of aboveground weight to ...
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Second harvest timing and cut height of forage crops in Central Alaska
Proper timing of second harvest is critical for good yields and long-term sustainability of perennial hay crops in high latitude environments. We studied effects of second harvest timing and height on yield and forage quality for smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) in central Alaska. Second harvest treatments occurred ...
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Do cultivar and burning affect forage yield and incidence of verticillium wilt or insect pests in alfalfa stands?
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops in Canada and many parts of the world. Two experiments were conducted over a 13-yr period (1989–2002) in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada with five alfalfa cultivars. In the first experiment, ‘Barrier’ and ‘Pacer’ were given three burn treatments (no burn, burn every year, and burn in alternate years) while in the second experiment ...
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Herbage, phosphorus, and nitrogen yields of winter-season forages on high-phosphorus soil
In climates where cool seasons can produce a forage crop, annual grasses and forbs can be used on dairies to recycle nutrients back to the animals and to phytoremediate soils high in P or N. In north-central Texas, on a Windthorst fine sandy loam (fine, mixed, thermic, Udic Paleustalf) with 250 mg P kg–1, an on-dairy trial measured yields of dry matter (DM), N, and P, as well as fiber fractions ...
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Living mulch nutritive value in a corn-soybean-forage rotation
Living mulches can function to supply forage in multifunctional cropping systems. Information quantifying nutritive value of forage plants in living mulch cropping systems is limited. The objective of this research was to quantify the nutritive value of forages from different plant functional groups managed as living mulches in 2 of 3 yr and as a forage crop in the third year of this 3-yr corn ...
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Enhanced tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses in transgenic Alfalfa accumulating trehalose
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop in many countries with high biomass production and the third-most-cultivated crop in the United States, with high protein content and potential use as biofuel. Here we describe the use of a chimeric translational fusion of yeast trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (EC 2.4.1.15) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.12) genes to ...
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Integrating winter annual forages into a no-till corn silage system
The benefits of cover crops within crop rotations are well documented, but information is limited on using cover crops for forage within midwestern United States cropping systems, especially under no-tillage management. Our objective was to evaluate plant, animal, and soil responses when integrating winter cover crop forages into no-till corn (Zea mays L.) silage production. Three cover crop ...
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Reuse of dairy lagoon wastewater through SDI in forage crops
Abstract California has become the leading dairy products producing state in the USA. This has resulted in farms commonly milking several thousand cows per day. The care and feeding of the animals has produced large waste streams commonly collected and stored in lagoons. Environmentally safe handling and reuse of the lagooned wastewater is the objective of this study. A system of Subsurface Drip ...
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Organic and conventional production systems in the wisconsin integrated cropping systems trials: i. Productivity 1990–2002
During the last half-century, agriculture in the upper U.S. Midwest has changed from limited-input, integrated grain–livestock systems to primarily high-input specialized livestock or grain systems. This trend has spawned a debate regarding which cropping systems are more sustainable and led to the question: can diverse, low-input cropping systems (organic systems) be as productive as ...
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Corn grain yield response to crop rotation and nitrogen over 35 years
Crop rotation and N are management methods that can increase corn (Zea mays L.) grain yields. Our objective was to determine the corn grain yield response to six crop rotation sequences and four N rates in a long-term (35-yr) study. The rotations were continuous corn (CC), corn–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (CA), corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS), corn-corn-corn-alfalfa-alfalfa (CCCAA), ...
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Possibilities for Future EC Environmental Policy on Plant Protection Products
Abstract This report presents the results of a study to examine and evaluate the economic, environmental and social benefits of plant protection products (PPPs) in agriculture with the main emphasis on the economic aspects. The approach followed was to carry out four case studies - each covering a single crop in a specific region of major production-comparing standard, integrated and organic ...
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Comparison of runoff quantity and quality under annual cropping and forages
Conversion from annual cropping to perennial forages may be a beneficial management practice (BMP) to reduce runoff quantity and improve surface water quality. Runoff variables were determined in two 30 ha producer's fields over 4 years (2004–2007) using a rainfall simulator. Field 1 was cropped to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in 2004 and then an alfalfa (Medicago sp.) and grass mix used for ...
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How to store feed pellet
During the rainy season, the air humidity is relatively high. If the feed is not stored properly, it is easy to become moldy and deteriorate. Various nutrients in the moldy feed are destroyed, the nutritional quality of the feed decreases, and even its utilization value is completely lost. After livestock and poultry eat moldy and rotten feed, toxins will accumulate in the animal's body, causing ...
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Living mulch forage yield and botanical composition in a corn-soybean-forage rotation
Managing forages as living mulches during row crop production requires suppressing the forages to produce economical crop yields. The objective of this research was to identify forage plants with varied growth habit, persistence, and yield potential to provide desirable ecosystem functions in a multifunctional cropping system. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.), ...
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Thiamethoxam: Assessing flight activity of honeybees foraging on treated oilseed rape using RFID technology
This study was designed to assess homing behaviour of bees foraging on winter oilseed rape grown from seed treated with thiamethoxam (as Cruiser OSR) with one field drilled with thiamethoxam treated seed and two control fields drilled with fungicide‐only treated seed. Twelve honeybee colonies were used per treatment group, 4 each located at the field edge (on‐field site), at approximately 500m ...
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Economics of five wheat production systems with no-till and conventional tillage
Conventional tillage (CT) continues to be used on the vast majority of land seeded to monoculture winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Southern Plains of the United States. In the region, wheat can be grown for either grain-only, forage-only, or for both fall–winter forage + grain (dual-purpose). This study was conducted to determine the net returns of five alternative wheat production ...
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Forage potential of intercropping barley with faba bean, lupin, or field pea
Annual cool-season grain legumes grown in mixtures with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), may offer advantages over barley sole crops for forage production. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of intercropping ‘Snowbird’ tannin-free faba bean (Vicia faba L.), ‘Arabella’ narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), and ‘Cutlass’ field pea (Pisum sativum L.), along with legume planting ...
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