Neonicotinoids Articles
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Thrips damage: how to win the fight for your cannabis
Thrips, ah. the little insects that can pose annoying issues for cannabis cultivation. Thrips are minuscule, elongated insects that feed on cannabis plants’ sap, resulting in discolouration, crooked development, and decreased yields. But chill, fellow growers! It is possible to effectively prevent and treat thrips damage with the correct information and methods. The impact of thrips on ...
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Neonicotinoids
General Information Neonicotinoids are a family of active substances which include imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam and clothianidin. They are used in plant protection to control harmful insects and also in veterinary medicine. The name literally means “new nicotine-like insecticide” due to the chemical similarity to nicotine. Sometimes ...
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Comparative chronic toxicity of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam to Chironomus dilutus and estimation of toxic equivalency factors
Non‐target aquatic insects are susceptible to chronic neonicotinoid insecticide exposure during the early stages of development from repeated run‐off events and prolonged persistence of these chemicals. Investigations on the chronic toxicity of neonicotinoids to aquatic invertebrates have been limited to a few species, under different laboratory conditions that often preclude direct ...
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EPA Sued Over Guidance Classifying Seeds Coated with Neonicotinoid Insecticides as Treated Articles Exempt from Registration under FIFRA
On January 6, 2016, a complaint was filed against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California by a coalition of U.S. beekeepers, farmers, and affiliated non-government organizations (Petitioners). The Petitioners allege that EPA has allowed “the ongoing sale and use of unregistered pesticide products” ...
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EPA Releases Preliminary Risk Assessment for Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid
On January 6, 2016, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with California’s Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) announced the release of a preliminary pollinator risk assessment for the neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (Preliminary Risk Assessment or Assessment). In its assessment, EPA states that imidacloprid potentially poses a risk to hives when the ...
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Modeling photodegradation kinetics of three systemic neonicotinoids – dinotefuran, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in aqueous and soil environment
Environmental presence and retention of commonly used neonicotinoid insecticides such as dinotefuran (DNT), imidacloprid (IMD), and thiamethoxam (THM) is a cause for concern and prevention due to their potential toxicity to non‐target species. In the present study the kinetics of the photodegradation of these insecticides were investigated in water and soil compartments under natural light ...
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A survey of neonicotinoid use and potential exposure to Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and Scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) in the rolling plains of Texas and Oklahoma
Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and Scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) populations have seen a dramatic decline in the Rolling Plains ecoregion of Texas and Oklahoma, USA. There is a rising concern for the potential toxicity of neonicotinoids in birds. To investigate this concern, we examined crops of 81 Northern Bobwhite and 17 Scaled quail to determine the presence or absence of ...
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NAFTA TWG on Pesticides Meeting
On November 3-5, 2015, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Technical Working Group (TWG) on Pesticides, established in 1997 to streamline certain pesticide shipments between Canada (CN), Mexico (MX), and the United States (U.S.), held a meeting hosted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Durham, North Carolina. NAFTA TWG states that its primary objective “is to ...
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Is the chronic Tier‐1 effect assessment approach for insecticides protective for aquatic ecosystems?
We investigated the appropriateness of several methods, including those recommended in the Aquatic Guidance Document of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), for the derivation of chronic Tier‐1 Regulatory Acceptable Concentrations (RACs) for insecticides and aquatic organisms. The insecticides represented different chemical classes (organophosphates, pyrethroids, benzoylureas, insect ...
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Acute and chronic toxicity of neonicotinoids to nymphs of a mayfly species and some notes on seasonal differences
Mayfly nymphs are amongst the most sensitive taxa to neonicotinoids. This paper presents the acute and chronic toxicity of three neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) to a mayfly species (Cloeon dipterum) and some notes on the seasonality of the toxicity of imidacloprid to C. dipterum and five other invertebrate species. Imidacloprid and thiamethoxam showed an equal acute ...
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Neonicotinoid insecticide residues in soil dust and associated parent soil in fields with a history of seed treatment use on crops in Southwestern Ontario
Using neonicotinoid insecticides as seed treatments is a common practice in field crop production. Exposure of non‐target organisms to neonicotinoids present in various environmental matrices is debated. Concentrations of neonicotinoid residues were measured in the top 5 cm of soil and overlying soil surface dust before planting in 25 commercial fields with a history of neonicotinoid seed ...
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Ninth Circuit Vacates EPA’s Unconditional Registration for the Neonicotinoid Pesticide Sulfoxaflor Based on Hazard to Bees
In an opinion issued on September 10, 2015, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit vacated the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) unconditional registration for the pesticide sulfoxaflor and remanded the matter to EPA to obtain further studies and data regarding the effects of sulfoxaflor on bees and bee colonies. Sulfoxaflor is a new insecticide in the class of ...
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Assessing the risk to green sturgeon from application of imidacloprid to control burrowing shrimp in Willapa Bay, Washington. II: Controlled exposure studies
The activities of two species of burrowing shrimp have a negative impact on the growth and survivalofoysters reared on intertidal mudflats in Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor, Washington. In order to maintain viable harvests, oyster growers proposed the application of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid onto harvested beds for the control of burrowing shrimp. In test applications, water ...
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Field scale examination of neonicotinoid insecticide persistence in soil as a result of seed treatment use in commercial maize (corn) fields in Southwestern Ontario
Neonicotinoid insecticides, especially as seed treatments, have raised concerns about environmental loading and impacts on pollinators, biodiversity and ecosystems. We measured concentrations of neonicotinoid residues in the top 5 cm of soil before planting of maize (corn) in 18 commercial fields with a history of neonicotinoid seed treatment use in southwestern Ontario in 2013 and 2014 using ...
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The stingless bee species, Scaptotrigona aff. Depilis, as a potential indicator of environmental pesticide contamination
Neonicotinoids have the potential to enter the diet of pollinators that collect resources from contaminated plants. The species Scaptotrigona aff. depilis (Moure, 1942) can be a useful indicator of the prevalence of these chemicals in the environment. Using high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, the authors devised a protocol for neonicotinoid residue extraction and detected ...
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Fate and effects of clothianidin in fields using conservation practices
Despite the extensive use of the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin, and its known toxicity to beneficial insects like pollinators, little attention has been given to its fate under agricultural field conditions. The present study investigated the fate and toxicity of clothianidin applied every other year as a corn seed‐coating at two different rates, i.e., 0.25 and 0.50 mg/seed, in an ...
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Mowing mitigates bioactivity of neonicotinoid insecticides in nectar of flowering lawn weeds and turfgrass guttation
Systemic neonicotinoid insecticides are used to control of turfgrass insect pests. We tested their transference into nectar of flowering lawn weeds or grass guttation droplets which, if high enough, could be hazardous to bees or other insects that feed on such exudates. We applied imidacloprid or clothianidin to turf with white clover, followed by irrigation, and used LC‐MS/ MS to analyze ...
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What’s Happening to the Birds?
Following in Rachel Carson’s footsteps, a new generation of scientists investigates a new generation of pesticides. Christy Morrissey is driving her white pickup truck along Canada’s endless prairie highway, windows open, listening for birds. She points to the scatter of ponds glinting in the landscape, nestled among fields of canola that stretch as far as the eye can see. Formed by ...
By Ensia
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Risks of neonicotinoid insecticides to honeybees
The European honeybee, Apis mellifera, is an important pollinator of agricultural crops. Since 2006, when unexpectedly high colony losses were first reported, articles have proliferated in the popular press suggesting a range of possible causes and raising alarm over the general decline of bees. Suggested causes include pesticides, genetically modified crops, habitat fragmentation, and ...
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Imidacloprid perturbs feeding of Gammarus pulex at environmentally‐relevant concentrations
Changes in food uptake by detritivorous macro‐invertebrates could disrupt the ecosystem service of leaf litter breakdown, necessitating the study of shredding under anthropogenic influences. Here, the impact of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid on the feeding rate of individual Gammarus pulex was measured at a daily resolution both during and after a four‐day exposure period. We found ...
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