nematode Articles
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Spring is coming…How Early Can You Apply Nematodes?
Spring is on its way, and many of us are looking forward to more time spent outside. A common question we get this time of year is “when can I apply beneficial nematodes”? Beneficial nematodes are a great, all-natural control for a variety of common pest insects. But, since nematodes are living organisms, care needs to be taken to ensure they stay living and viable. As a general rule, ...
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Tips for Using Beneficial Nematodes in the Summer
Now that summer is underway and temperatures are steadily rising, we are getting a lot of questions about how to effectively order, store and apply beneficial nematodes in the heat. Beneficial nematodes are a great, natural and effective option for controlling a wide variety of pest insects this time of year. The ideal time to apply nematodes can depend on the type of pest(s) you are targeting. ...
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Phytal Marine Nematode Assemblages and their Relation with the Macrophytes Structural Complexity in a Brazilian Tropical Rocky Beach
The nematofauna from the seaweeds Sargassum polyceratium Montagne, Hypnea musciformis Küetzing, Padina gymnospora Küetzing and the seagrass Halodule wrightii Ascherson was studied in March 2001, at Pedra do Xaréu, Pernambuco, Brazil, in order to investigate the associations of organisms, as well as the relation between the plant architecture and the associated fauna. Soft sediments adjacent to ...
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Compatibility of Soil-Dwelling Predators and Microbial Agents and their Efficacy in Controlling Soil-Dwelling Stages of Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella Occidentalis
Western flower thrips (WFT) generally pupate in the soil. This laboratory study was designed to examine the compatibility of soil-dwelling predators with microbial biocontrol agents and assess their combined efficacy against pupating WFT, with a view to their integrated use. The following commercially available biocontrol agents were evaluated: a rove beetle, Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz); predatory ...
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Root-knot nematode-resistant alfalfa suppresses subsequent crop damage from the nutsedge-nematode pest complex
Southern root-knot nematode [RKN, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood], yellow nutsedge (YNS, Cyperus esculentus L.), and purple nutsedge (PNS, C. rotundus L.) occur together as a mutually beneficial pest complex in sandy soils. All crops grown in infested soils are affected due to the wide host range of the nematode, the perennial life cycle of the nutsedges, their interactions, ...
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Response of native Southeastern U.S. Legumes to root-knot nematodes
Identification of forage legumes well adapted to the southeastern United States is complicated by climatic, soil, and biotic factors. Among the pests that impact forage legume persistence are root-knot nematodes (RKNs) (Meloidogyne spp.). We hypothesized that legumes native to the region should have higher levels of resistance to RKN species that are common in this region due to long-term natural ...
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Three soybean plant introductions possess unique resistance to peanut root-knot nematode
Peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood or Ma] is an increasingly common pest in the southern United States where crops such as peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are grown. Four soybean plant introductions (PIs) are highly resistant to the peanut root-knot nematode. To determine if PI 594403, PI 594427C, and PI 594651B contain useful ...
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Root-lesion Nematodes reduce yield of intolerant wheat and barley
Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei) are widely distributed and substantially reduce grain yields in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-producing regions of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). The objective of this research was to determine if wheat and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars differ in tolerance to these nematode species. Field experiments were conducted by comparing ...
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Linkage mapping of resistance to reniform nematode in cotton following introgression from gossypium longicalyx (Hutch. & Lee)
Reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira) decrease U.S. production of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., 2n = 52, 2[AD]1) by more than US$100 million yr–1. We report here on the mapping of a gene for extreme resistance that was introgressed from the African species G. longicalyx (Hutch. & Lee, 2n = 2x = 26; 2F1). The responsible allele, designated Renlon, was localized ...
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Tests of taxonomic and biogeographic predictivity: Resistance to disease and insect pests in wild relatives of cultivated potato
A major justification for taxonomic and biogeographic research is its assumed ability to predict the presence of traits in a group for which the trait has been observed in only a representative subset of the group. Such predictors are regularly used by breeders interested in choosing potential sources of disease and pest resistant germplasm for cultivar improvement, by genebank managers to ...
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A southern root-knot nematode resistance QTL linked to the T-Locus in soybean
Southern root-knot nematode [RKI; Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood] is an important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest. When RKI resistance was introgressed from the highly resistant, gray pubescent breeding line G93-9009 into moderately resistant, tawny pubescent cultivars BoggsRR and BenningRR, higher than expected proportions of two advanced backcross populations had gray ...
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Toxicity in relation to mode of action for the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: Acute‐to‐chronic ratios and quantitative structure‐activity relationships
Acute‐to‐chronic ratios (ACRs) and quantitative structure‐activity relationships (QSARs) generate continuous interest in particular in chemical risk assessment. Previous studies focusing on the relationship between the size or variation of ACRs to substance classes and QSAR‐models were often based on data for standard test organisms, such as daphnids and fish. For the present study, we ...
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Integrating ecosystem services into crop protection and pest management: Case study with the soil fumigant 1,3‐dichloropropene and its use in tomato production in Italy
Ecosystems provide the conditions for producing food, regulating water, and providing wildlife habitats; these, among others, are known as ecosystem services (ESs). Food production is both economically and culturally important to southern European farmers, particularly in Italy where farmers grow flavorsome tomatoes with passion and pride. Growers rely on pesticides for crop protection, the ...
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Growth, yield, and yield component changes among old and new soybean cultivars
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield has increased at a rate of 25 to 30 kg ha–1 yr–1 due in part to improved genetic gain, and has been further advanced by the addition of resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe; SCN) in new cultivars. The objective was to determine specific growth changes that explain the yield improvement from old to new cultivars and the further ...
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Crop response to rotation and tillage in peanut-based cropping systems
Production of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in reduced tillage systems has increased in the United States during the past decade. However, interactions of tillage system and crop rotation have not been thoroughly investigated for large-seeded, Virginia market type peanut. Research was conducted at two locations in North Carolina during 1999 to 2006 to compare yield of corn (Zea mays L.), cotton ...
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Plant Sciences in Agriculture
Plant pathogens Microorganisms, also called as microbes, live in every part of the biosphere, including soil, water, and air. Plant pathogens are the microbes that infect plants and cause diseases. In history, some plant diseases led to tremendous negative impacts on society. In 1845, potato blight disease was prevalent in all potato growing regions in Ireland. Phytophthora infestans, a fungus, ...
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Soybean yield and soybean cyst nematode densities related to soil ph, soil carbonate concentrations, and alkalinity stress index
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown on high pH, calcareous soils often suffer yield loss due to unavailability of Fe. Further yield decline can occur due to infestations by soybean cyst nematodes (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe; SCN) that are often present in greater numbers in high-pH soils. An observational study was conducted from 2001 to 2005 in Iowa to examine the relationships among: pH; ...
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Soybean yield and soybean cyst Nematode densities related to soil ph, soil carbonate concentrations, and alkalinity stress index
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown on high pH, calcareous soils often suffer yield loss due to unavailability of Fe. Further yield decline can occur due to infestations by soybean cyst nematodes (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe; SCN) that are often present in greater numbers in high-pH soils. An observational study was conducted from 2001 to 2005 in Iowa to examine the relationships among: pH; ...
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Affordable Orlando Organic Fertilizers, Healthy Soil for Vegetables & Crops
The success of a garden or crops is directly affected by the health of the soil ecosystem, creating a bounty of delicious vegetables and beautiful flowers. For true sustainability, maximum nutrition and amazing flavor, organic fertilizers and black worm castings are the the answer. How to Create Healthy Soil? Don’t use synthetic fertilizer or harmful chemicals. “When you put ...
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The influence of biowaste and garden waste composts on diseases caused by pythium ultimum and rhizoctonia Solani related to the antagonists trichoderma hamatum and flavobacterium balustinum
Soilborne plant pathogens can cause serious losses on both agricultural and horticultural crops. Examples include damping-off diseases caused by Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia spp., Pythium and Phytophthora root rots, Rhizoctonia crown rot, Fusarium and Verticillium wilts, nematode and even bacterial diseases. Until the fifties, the principal methods to control soilborne diseases were through the ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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