soil water Articles
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Soil water reserve estimation and vegetation relationships in a Mediterranean sub-humid forested catchment
A simple water balance model was used to calculate soil water reserve in a Mediterranean forested catchment. The relationship between soil water reserve and leaf water potential and stem water content was analysed. The usefulness of these variables as plant water status indicators was tested. The analyses were developed with a seven-year-long database (2001–2007) in the case of soil water content ...
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Effects of revegetation on soil moisture under different precipitation gradients in the Loess Plateau, China
Revegetation can alter catchment water balance and result in soil desiccation. Large-scale revegetation took place in the Loess Plateau of China to control soil erosion and improve environmental conditions. However, the dynamic nature of soil moisture in response to revegetation under different climatic conditions is still unclear mainly due to lack of long-term in situ observations. To ...
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A model approach to evaluate irrigation system water balance: an example from the Gediz Basin, Turkey
An increase in the amount of water used for agriculture has resulted in the need for water savings and measurements in the agricultural sector. With the increasing competition for water, not only should irrigation water be considered, but also an approach encompassing the total water balance is necessary. A clear understanding of all the components of the water balance is essential so as to ...
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Tie-ridge tillage for high altitude pulse production in northern ethiopia
Pulses including faba bean (Vicia faba L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.), and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) are important components of the cropping systems of semiarid high-altitude northern Ethiopia. Yield potential is often constrained by severe water deficits during grain fill which might be alleviated by reducing runoff throughout the season using microbasin or tie-ridge tillage. Research ...
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Soil Moisture Terminology
Soil Moisture Terms. What do they mean and how do we use them? By the end of this short article you will hopefully understand the following statement. “For good crop growth, maintaining water above stress point will maximise vegetative growth. Setting a refill point above stress point will ensure there is always readily available water for the crop. Replacing ...
By Wildeye
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Barley root hair growth and morphology in soil, sand, and water solution media and relationship with nickel toxicity
Barley, Hordeum vulgare (Doyce), was grown in the three media of soil, hydroponic sand solution (sand), and hydroponic water solution (water) culture at the same environmental conditions for 4 d (days). Barley roots were scanned and root morphology was analyzed. Plants grown in the three media had different root morphology and Ni toxicity response. Root elongations and total root lengths ...
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Yield and water use response of cuphea to irrigation in the Northern Corn belt
Cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. x C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton) may be prone to drought stress, yet little is known about the yield response of this new oilseed crop to irrigation. A field study was conducted in western Minnesota on a Barnes loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Hapludolls) in 2002 and 2003 to compare yield and water use of irrigated and nonirrigated cuphea. ...
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Tillage requirements for integrating winter-annual grazing in peanut production: plant water status and productivity
The use of crop rotation systems involving winter-annual grazing can help peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) producers increase profitability, although winter-annual grazing could result in excessive soil compaction, which can severely limit yields. We conducted a 3-yr field study on a Dothan loamy sand in southeastern Alabama to develop a conservation tillage system for integrating peanut with ...
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Effects of silicon and drought stress on tuber yield and leaf biochemical characteristics in potato
Silicon has beneficial effects on many crops, mainly under biotic and abiotic stresses. Silicon can affect biochemical, physiological, and photosynthetic processes and, consequently, alleviates drought stress. However, the effects of Si on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants under drought stress are still unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Si supply on some ...
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Estimating genetic coefficients for the CSM-CERES-Maize model in North Carolina environments
CSM-CERES-Maize has been extensively used worldwide to simulate corn growth and grain production, but has not been evaluated for use in North Carolina. The objectives of this study were to calibrate CSM-CERES-Maize soil parameters and genetic coefficients using official variety trial data, evaluate model performance in North Carolina, and determine the suitability of the fitting technique using ...
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Soil Moisture Monitoring – Pastures Case Study
Agriculture Victoria has installed several soil moisture probes on a range of soil and pasture types across Victoria. Soil moisture probes have helped with making early decisions in the cropping industry for some time with monthly analysis produced as a newsletter by Dale Boyd. The probes are capacitance enviropro probes manufactured in South Australia and are 80 centimetres long with eight ...
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How I arrived at developing Artesian Systems
Personally, I have had too many gardens. I always overdo it and they end up being more work than pleasure, and instead of being pleasing to look at they become an eyesore. Not so with a patio garden. A patio garden has a lot of advantages. For one thing every time you look out the window or go out the door there it is. You get to know your plants and their attendant bugs and birds on a more ...
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Irrigation frequency effects on growth and ethanol yield in sweet Sorghum
With the increasing costs of fossil fuels, new methods of generating renewable fuels need to be researched and developed. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of irrigation frequency on crop growth and ethanol yield of sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Nine combinations of pre- and postanthesis irrigation frequencies triggered by 35, 50, or 65% depletion of plant-available ...
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Axle-load impacts on hydraulic properties and corn yield in no-till clay and silt loam
Wheel traffic-induced compaction in no-till (NT) farming can alter soil hydraulic properties and reduce crop yields, but specific information on the impacts of different levels of axle loads on the relationships between soil hydraulic properties and crop yields under long-term NT systems is limited. Thus, this study set out to measure the differences in soil hydraulic properties including ...
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Soil and water: towards a larger-scale perspective of their relations
Land use changes over time have altered relations between soils and water cycles throughout Europe. There are regions where forests were cut for agriculture or herding, or for industrial, mining, and/or railroad use. Soils were lost, through mud floods, and the water cycles changed so that their present status is one of badlands and/or desert-like areas. Early stages in the path to degradation ...
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AquaCrop—The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: III. Parameterization and testing for maize
The first crop chosen to parameterize and test the new FAO AquaCrop model is maize (Zea mays L.). Working mainly with data sets from 6 yr of maize field experiments at Davis, CA, plus another 4 yr of Davis maize canopy data, a set of conservative (nearly constant) parameters of AquaCrop, presumably applicable to widely different conditions and not specific to a given crop cultivar, was evaluated ...
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Water Stress
Plants experience water stress either when the water supply to their roots becomes limiting, or when the transpiration rate becomes intense. Water stress is primarily caused by a water deficit, such as a drought or high soil salinity. Each year, water stress on arable plants in different parts of the world disrupts agriculture and food supply with the final consequence: famine. Hence, the ability ...
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4 Benefits of Using Power-Z Sustainable Soil Additive for Agriculture Companies
There are many complex aspects to soil quality that can affect the growth and health of plants. Soils in different areas have different physical and chemical compositions that can be good or bad for farming. In the case of naturally rich and beneficial soil, over time, nutrients will be depleted. For other soils, plants could not be grown well there naturally. In those cases, a sustainable soil ...
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Irrigation Systems and Practices in Challenging Environments
The book Irrigation Systems and Practices in Challenging Environments is divided into two interesting sections, with the first section titled Agricultural Water Productivity in Stressed Environments, which consists of nine chapters technically crafted by experts in their own right in their fields of expertise. Topics range from effects of irrigation on the physiology of plants, deficit irrigation ...
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Late Spring Almond Irrigation
Late spring (late April to early June) is an important time in almond orchard development. During this time, the almond embryo is developing into a mature kernel. At this point in the season, proper irrigation management can be a major contributor to the difference between a marginal and major improvement in crop yield and quality. Development is complete when the kernel fills the shell ...
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