Surface Irrigation Articles
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Subsurface drip irrigation; the future of Irrigation is Underground
Placing water beneath the soil surface via buried lines is slowly becoming the "preferred choice" of many vineyard irrigators. The reasons are many, including the absence of surface evaporation, as well as reduced weed growth, herbicide washout, maintenance, injury, and vandalism found with using conventional water application systems. The advantages of subsurface drip add to reduced cost for ...
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Adapting production to drought
Many parts of the world face water shortage and drought. As a result, farms and orchards are losing their capacity to produce food. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), drought cost the world 29 billion USD in 2018; therefore, it is imperative for governments, crop consultants, and farmers to be proactive. Technology is already available for risk assessment, planning, and ...
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The Arkansas irrigation yield contest
Most farmers are familiar with contests in which participants try to achieve the maximum yield of a crop from a given field. Fewer would be familiar with a contest in which participants’ total crop yield is divided by the amount of water they use—thus measuring their water use efficiency. That’s the kind of contest that Dr. Chris Henry and his colleagues at the University of ...
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Irrigation Systems 101: What you need to know
In the perfect scenario everyone could rely on rainwater for their farming practices, but this is not always the case. This is why employing the right choice from the different irrigation systems available is crucial for agricultural success. Irrigation systems are basically an artificial way to provide water to fertile soil for agricultural purposes. Crop irrigation is necessary to overcome ...
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Effect of AgraGel T-400 on tomato crops, U. of Valparaiso, Chile - Case Study
Introduction At present, a great part of vegetable production in Chile is dedicated to industrial agronomy and one of the most important products is the tomato crop for industrial processing. Chile has a capacity of 180,000 tons of tomatoes per year, which is equivalent to 12,000 hectares of crop land. Among canned products tomato paste represents 38%. This is an important employment generating ...
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Different Asias, same problems: negotiating the state-user interface in surface irrigation in China and India
This paper explores the dynamic interface of state-water users' relationships in large-scale surface irrigation in India and China, to inquire to what extent the issues encountered in large-scale irrigation management and governance are independent of regime characteristics. Though operating in very different overall political regimes, China and India exhibit strong similarities in the way a ...
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Effect of recycled water applied by surface and subsurface irrigation on the growth, photosynthetic indices and nutrient content of young olive trees in central Iran
Water shortage has encouraged the quest for alternative sources of water for food production and agricultural development. Recycled water (RW) is one of the most available water resources with great potential for use in farm irrigation. This experiment was carried out to investigate the use of RW as the irrigation source and its application method, subsurface leaky irrigation (SLI) system or ...
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How to grow more food with less water
Scientists and farmers collaborate on a quest for more efficient irrigation This story was co-published with Civil Eats, a daily news source for critical thought about the American food system. From reading the weather to choosing a crop, farming has always been a hands-on enterprise. When a farmer wonders how much water a crop needs, a simple test has always sufficed: Grab a handful of soil ...
By Ensia
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Quantitative assessment of the impacts of irrigation on surface water fluxes in the Tarim River, China
Irrigation is a significant human activity that affects surface water fluxes in the Tarim River Basin. To quantitatively assess the irrigation impact of this activity on surface water fluxes in the Tarim River, a land surface hydrologic model was coupled with a modified irrigation scheme and a reservoir module and applied to simulate these fluxes. Modeling results indicate that the combined ...
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Soil water movement under a drip irrigation double-point source
Particularly in dry regions, the scarcity of high-quality fresh water has heightened the importance of urban runoff water re-use, leading as well to the improvement of water use efficiency through the surface drip irrigation method. Given the limited research on wetting front migration under a surface drip irrigation emitter, soil water movement under a double-point-source irrigation emitter ...
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Characterization of bacterial pathogens in rural and urban irrigation water
The study aimed to compare the bacteriological quality of an urban and rural irrigation water source. Bacterial counts, characterization, identification and diversity of aerobic bacteria were determined. Escherichia coli isolated from both sites was subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing, virulence gene (Stx1/Stx2 and eae) determination and (GTG)5 Rep-PCR fingerprinting. Low mean ...
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Assessment of different irrigation systems in Albaji Plain
The objective of this research was to compare different irrigation methods based on a parametric evaluation system in an area of 16,350 ha in the Albaji Plain of the Khuzestan Province, in the southwest of Iran. The soil properties of the study area such as texture, depth, electrical conductivity, drainage, calcium carbonate content and slope were derived from a semi-detailed soil study carried ...
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Special features of drip-sprinkler irrigation technology
Irrigation techniques and technology based on principle of regular accumulation of moisture in active layer (surface irrigation, regular sprinkler irrigation) are most common in science and in practice. More progressive is principle of non-stop water supply of plants and soil in conformity to their water consumption. Drip irrigation and impulse sprinkling are based on this principle. The main ...
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Irrigation challenges in the sub-humid US Mid-South
Irrigated area in the Mid-South USA continues to increase and now totals four million ha. Because of low available water holding capacities and shallow root-limiting layers in many soils, irrigation management is difficult. Water quality and water use efficiency impacts under irrigation are poorly understood, but comprehension is necessary if conversion from groundwater to surface water supplies ...
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Stochastic order-based optimal design of a surface reservoir–irrigation district system
This paper explores the effects of streamflow uncertainty and the type of stochastic order, which is used for comparing stochastic variables, on optimal design of a reservoir multi-crop irrigation district system. Four nonlinear mathematical programs with an economic objective function including deterministic, stochastic-EXP with expected value order, stochastic-SD with stochastic dominance ...
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Florida - Island Development case study
Steeped in history and tales of pirates, Blacks Island has become a residential paradise, thanks in part to creative decentralized wastewater solutions. In October of 2006, Blacks Island LLC received approval to begin construction of a twenty-six lot residential development on this seven-acre island located off the Florida panhandle in St. Joe Bay. The town of Port St. Joe sprang up in the ...
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An analysis of groundwater irrigation expansion in India
This paper suggest that groundwater irrigation expansion in India is driven mainly by the population pressure and not necessarily dependent on the change in surface water irrigation. However, in the districts irrigated by Groundwater only, our findings indicate that the marginal effect of groundwater on Gross Irrigated Area (GIA) is lower than that in the district endowed with both surface and ...
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Creeping bentgrass putting green turf responses to two summer irrigation practices: Rooting and soil temperature
Light and frequent (LF) and deep and infrequent (DI) irrigation are two common practices for golf course managers. Few studies have compared the effects of these two opposing irrigation practices on summer root performance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The objectives of this field study were to quantify summer root development and longevity in response to LF vs. DI irrigation ...
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Raising water productivity
With water shortages emerging as a constraint on food production growth, the world needs an effort to raise water productivity similar to the one that nearly tripled land productivity during the last half of the twentieth century. Worldwide, average irrigation water productivity is now roughly 1 kilogram of grain per ton of water used. Since it takes 1,000 tons of water to produce 1 ton of grain, ...
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The effects of surface water abstraction for rice irrigation on floodplain fish production in Bangladesh
Abstraction of surface water for irrigation poses a serious threat to the sustainability of floodplain fisheries in Bangladesh. Previous fisheries research has accorded a central role to dry-season (Rabi) water maintenance in safeguarding the health of the fishery, but rice irrigation water abstraction dries up water bodies at a rapid rate. Having reviewed various aspects of this water ...
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