Cattle Farming Articles
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Barley yield and nutrient uptake for soil amended with fresh and composted cattle manure
Limited research exists on the long-term effect of fresh (FM) versus composted manure (CM) from beef cattle on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield and nutrient uptake. Barley was grown (1999–2007) as silage on an irrigated clay loam soil in southern Alberta where organic amendments and fertilizer were annually applied for 9 yr in the fall of 1998 to 2006. The treatments were three rates (13, 39, 77 ...
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Cattle manure application strategies effects on bahiagrass yield, nutritive value, and phosphorus recovery
Animal manure application based on crop N requirements often leaves excess P in the soil because of the differences in the N/P ratio in manures and that required by the plants. This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of cattle (Bos taurus) manure applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN) on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value, ...
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Learning from past civilizations
To understand our current environmental dilemma, it helps to look at earlier civilizations that also got into environmental trouble. Our early twenty-first century civilization is not the first to face the prospect of environmentally induced economic decline. The question is how we will respond. As Jared Diamond points out in his book Collapse, some of the early societies that were in ...
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Barley yield and nutrient uptake for soil amended with fresh and composted cattle manure
Limited research exists on the long-term effect of fresh (FM) versus composted manure (CM) from beef cattle on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield and nutrient uptake. Barley was grown (1999–2007) as silage on an irrigated clay loam soil in southern Alberta where organic amendments and fertilizer were annually applied for 9 yr in the fall of 1998 to 2006. The treatments were three rates (13, 39, 77 ...
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Cattle manure application strategies effects on bahiagrass yield, nutritive value, and phosphorus recovery
Animal manure application based on crop N requirements often leaves excess P in the soil because of the differences in the N/P ratio in manures and that required by the plants. This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of cattle (Bos taurus) manure applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN) on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value, ...
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Performance of a dispersion model to estimate methane loss from cattle in pens
Received for publication December 29, 2008. Accurate measurements of enteric methane (CH4) emissions from cattle (Bos taurus) are necessary to improve emission coefficients used in national emissions inventories, and to evaluate mitigation strategies. Our study was conducted to evaluate a novel approach that allowed near continuous CH4 measurement from beef cattle confined in pens. The backward ...
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Performance of a dispersion model to estimate methane loss from cattle in pens
Received for publication December 29, 2008. Accurate measurements of enteric methane (CH4) emissions from cattle (Bos taurus) are necessary to improve emission coefficients used in national emissions inventories, and to evaluate mitigation strategies. Our study was conducted to evaluate a novel approach that allowed near continuous CH4 measurement from beef cattle confined in pens. The backward ...
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Animal behavior and soil nutrient redistribution in continuously stocked pensacola bahiagrass pastures managed at different intensities
Animal excreta return to pastures plays a major role in nutrient cycling. Improvement in excreta distribution may increase nutrient recovery by pasture plants. Pasture management may modify animal behavior and excreta distribution. This study evaluated the effects of management intensity on animal behavior and soil nutrient concentration in continuously stocked ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass (Paspalum ...
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Weed biomass and species composition as affected by an integrated crop–livestock system
Crop and livestock production are rarely integrated together in modern farming systems. Reintegrating crops with livestock production has been shown to produce many agronomic and environmental benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate how an integrated crop–livestock system would influence weed biomass and weed species composition compared with a conventional, continuous corn (Zea ...
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Soil properties and crop yields in response to mixed paper mill sludges, dairy cattle manure, and inorganic fertilizer application
The contribution of organic wastes to crop yields and soil fertility may be influenced by their composition and the soil type. This 6-yr study (2001–2006) evaluated the effects of repeated additions of mineral fertilizers (MF), mixed paper mill sludges (PMS) (18, 36, and 54 Mg ha–1), dairy cattle manure (DCM) (36 Mg ha–1) alone or with reduced mineral fertilizer (60% NPK) (RMF) and a control, on ...
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Capabilities of four novel warm-season legumes in the southern great plains: Grain production and quality
Grain legumes could serve as a low cost nitrogen (N) and energy source for animal production in the southern Great Plains (SGP). This study evaluated the yield and nutritive value of grains of tropical annual legumes novel to the SGP. Included were cultivars of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] (cv. GA-2), guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] (cv. Kinman), cowpea [Vigna unguiculata ...
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Dietary forage impacts on dairy slurry nitrogen availability to corn
Precise feeding of protein and mineral supplement can maintain high levels of milk production and reduce nutrient excretion in dairy manure and losses to the environment. No information is available on the impacts of feeding different silages to dairy cattle (Bos taurus) on manure N cycling in soils. Slurry from dairy cattle fed rations containing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.; ALF), red clover ...
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Grazing effects on yield and quality of hard red and hard white winter wheat
Six hard red (2137, Jagalene, Jagger, OK101, Stanton, and Thunderbolt) and six hard white (Burchett, Lakin, NuFrontier, NuHills, NuHorizon, and Trego) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties were evaluated for grain yield and quality in southwestern Kansas in 2004 and 2005. Cattle commonly graze wheat in this region from late November to mid March in a dual-purpose system. The experimental ...
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Characteristics of rural smallholder communities in northern Vietnam, with particular emphasis on dairy farming
The objective of this field questionnaire survey was to provide information about the characteristics of rural smallholder farming communities, which have been targeted by the Vietnamese government's dairy development policy. The results from this study suggest that the adoption of dairy farming is partly determined by pre-existing wealth of the farming households. It is, therefore, more likely ...
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Seasonal Changes in Airborne Fungi and Bacteria at a Dairy Cattle Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation in the Southwest United States
The objective of this study was to evaluate a dairy located in the arid southwest United States to determine the concentrations and seasonal variation of airborne fungi and bacteria and to determine the percentage of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The authors used two-stage ambient air sampling systems to measure the culturable airborne fungal organisms and bacteria on a monthly ...
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Nutrient accumulation below cattle feedlot pens in Kansas
Received for publication April 30, 2008. Waste excreted on cattle (Bos taurus) feedlot pens is a source of N and other nutrients that could potentially leach into soil and negatively impact local groundwater quality. Analyses of soil chemical and physical properties beneath active open air feedlot pens were conducted at four Kansas locations to determine nutrient accumulation. Results were ...
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Lead and zinc content of cows' milk affected by varying traffic density
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of vehicle emissions on zinc and lead content of cow's milk, grazing at 15 different locations near to roadsides in Sakarya, Turkey. The results obtained for zinc were between 1262 μg kg−1 and 6566 μg kg−1. An acceptable range of zinc content from various sides confirmed the absence of possible toxicological risks in this region. The lead ...
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Not just hot air — global diplomacy and the search for a successor to Kyoto
Every winter the gates of Copenhagen's famous Tivoli Gardens, an old world amusement park in the city centre, open to officially mark the beginning of the extended Christmas period. This December the twinkling lights of Tivoli will most likely be outshone by COP 15 — the most important global climate change meeting ever — as thousands of diplomats, politicians, business people, environmentalists ...
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A biosecure composting system for disposal of cattle carcasses and manure following infectious disease outbreak
Received for publication April 11, 2008. During outbreaks of infectious animal diseases, composting may be an effective method of disposing of mortalities and potentially contaminated manure. Duplicate biosecure structures containing 16 cattle (Bos taurus) mortalities (343 kg average weight) were constructed with carcasses placed on a 40-cm straw layer and overlaid with 160 cm of feedlot manure. ...
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Selected antimicrobial resistance during composting of manure from cattle administered sub-therapeutic antimicrobials
Received for publication December 10, 2007. Composting is being increasingly employed for the recycling of nutrients in manure from the livestock industry. However, composting manure from animals fed antimicrobials has not been well characterized. In this study, compost windrows were prepared using manure collected from cattle (Bos Taurus L.) fed tylosin (TY), chlortetracycline-sulphamethazine ...
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