forage Articles
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Positive genetic correlation between forage yield and fiber of smooth Bromegrass
Voluntary intake potential of a forage crop is generally considered to be the most important feed characteristic regulating animal performance. Efforts to develop forage crops with reduced bulk volume, measured by neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration, have been associated with reduced plant fitness. The objective of this study was to evaluate a second cycle of divergent selection for NDF ...
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Is Shennongjia a Suitable Site for Reintroducing Giant Panda: An Appraisal on Food Supply
The giant panda was found on Mount Shennongjia in Central China for thousands of years but vanished in the late 19th century. The possibility for reintroducing the giant panda in Shennongjia is discussed in terms of food availability, carrying capacity, and predicted bamboo flowering. Three species (Fargesia spathacea, F. murielae, and Yushania confusa) are considered the preferred forage ...
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Harvest techniques change annual warm-season legume forage yield and nutritive value
Comparison among warm-season legume forage trials may not be valid if harvest techniques vary. To address this question, herbage dry matter (DM) yields, branching, crude protein (CP), and fiber concentrations for nine warm-season annual herbaceous legumes were measured by hand-plucking all leaves and pliable tips or clipping at 7.5- or 15-cm height. The experiment was conducted in Texas on a ...
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Visual search and the importance of time in complex decision making by bees
Psychophysicists studying decision making in animals have overwhelmingly focused on choice accuracy, not speed. Results from human visual search, however, show that there might be a tight link between the two. Here we review both visual-sensory and cognitive mechanisms that affect decision speed in flower visiting bees. We show that decision times are affected by contrast of targets and ...
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Nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in Timothy as affected by N fertilization, stage of development, and time of cutting
Forages with increased total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentrations improve the N-use efficiency of dairy cows. This study determined the effect of time of cutting (0700 vs. 1500 h), stage of development (heading and anthesis), and N fertilization (30, 50, 70, 90, and 110 kg N ha–1 as NH4NO3) on the fermentable carbohydrate concentration of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in northern ...
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Preplant herbicides don`t increase forage production of cereal rye interseeded into bermudagrass
Interseeding cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) into a bermudagrass sod [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] can increase season-long forage production and land use efficiency. However, previous research has shown that competition from the bermudagrass sod can significantly reduce autumn forage production from cereal rye. Our objective was to determine if the application of a preplant herbicide to a ...
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Genetic variability of a forage bermudagrass core collection
Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is an important warm-season forage grass for the South and may have value as a bioenergy feedstock. The objective of this study was to measure the genetic relatedness among entries of the Cynodon clonal forage bermudagrass core collection and seven commercial forage cultivars using plant phenotype and molecular marker data from amplified fragment length polymorphisms. ...
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Symbiotic and growth performance of supernodulating forage pea lines
The exploitation of nitrate-tolerant symbiosis (nts) mutants of pulse legumes is limited by the accompanying supernodulation trait, which causes uncontrolled initiation of excessive symbiotic nodules on the root. The resulting disproportion between the photosynthetic capacity and the catabolic activity of nodules leads to growth deprivation, regardless of the desirable enhancement of symbiotic N ...
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Aquatic environment and yield of sea bass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch) in ponds
This study was conducted for three years to investigate the aquatic parameters and growth of sea bass at varying stocking densities and sizes and requirement of quantity of forage fish for its culture in ponds. Two separate experiments were conducted: one for determining growth and seed stocking density and the other for ascertaining of quantity of forage fish. Under experiment 1, two trials ...
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Forage pasture production, risk analysis, and the buffering capacity of triticale
Many livestock producers minimize input costs by relying solely on naturalized, mixed-species pasture, but expose themselves to risks associated with forage yields that fluctuate in response to variable environmental conditions. This study was undertaken to assess winter triticale (xTriticosecale spp.) as a potential component of forage systems from the perspective of reducing forage yield risk. ...
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Forage Council to Delve Into Cattle Marketing at Meeting
Crow Wing River Basin Forage Council is exploring marketing options for cattle at its annual Winter Meeting from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Thurs., Feb. 20, at the Commons at Central Lakes College in Staples. The meeting will also have a presentation on farm transitions, a direct marketing panel and a three-part marketing session with experts on branding grass-fed beef, aggregating and auctions. ...
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Second harvest timing and cut height of forage crops in Central Alaska
Proper timing of second harvest is critical for good yields and long-term sustainability of perennial hay crops in high latitude environments. We studied effects of second harvest timing and height on yield and forage quality for smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) in central Alaska. Second harvest treatments occurred ...
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Interspecies variation of forage nutritive value and nonstructural carbohydrates in perennial cool-season grasses
Knowledge of grass genotypes nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) variation is one component to be considered when developing a successful forage and livestock management program. The objective of this study was to determine variations in concentrations of NSC, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) among perennial cool-season grasses grown in the southern ...
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Occurrence of condensed Tannins in Wheat and feasibility for reducing pasture bloat
Bloat can be a serious problem for ruminant livestock grazing pastures of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the southern Great Plains. Tannins in forage can reduce the incidence and severity of bloat. We measured the content and variability of total phenolics and condensed tannins (CT) in forage extracts from wheat varieties and experimental lines (ExpLines) to assess the feasibility of ...
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Single irrigation can achieve relatively high production and water use efficiency of siberian wildrye grass in the semiarid agropastoral ecotone of North China
Siberian wildrye grass (Elymus sibiricus L.) is widely planted in the agropastoral ecotone of North China (APENC). Scheduled irrigation is an important approach to increase the forage yield in this semiarid region. Based on field experiments conducted in Bashang Plateau in APENC during 2002 to 2004, we studied the feasibility of applying single irrigation (SI) to increase forage yield by bringing ...
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Modeling tiller density, growth, and yield of mediterranean perennial grasslands with STICS
A generic crop model (STICS) was adapted (STICS–Grassland) to model growth, yield, and environmental impacts of grasslands in France. It is a semimechanistic model combining equations of physiological processes and mathematical relationships between processes in a daily time step. The Information et Suivi Objectif des Prairies (ISOP; Grassland Information and Objective Survey) application was ...
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Maximizing Timothy forage yield and quality by balanced nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur fertilization
A 3-yr (2005–2007) field experiment was conducted on a Gray Luvisol (Typic Cryoboralf) loam near Star City, SK, Canada, to determine the influence of single and combined annual applications of N, P, and S fertilizers on timothy (Phleum pratense L.) forage dry matter yield (DMY), quality [concentration of crude protein (CP), nitrate N, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ...
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A new method of poultry litter application to perennial pasture: Subsurface banding
Recently, incorporation of poultry litter by subsurface band application into pasture has been shown to reduce surface runoff transport of nutrients; however, data to evaluate the impact of this potential management strategy on forage production, forage nutrient concentrations, or the accumulation of soil nutrients after multiyear applications is limited. Therefore, two experiments, one in ...
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Economics of five wheat production systems with no-till and conventional tillage
Conventional tillage (CT) continues to be used on the vast majority of land seeded to monoculture winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Southern Plains of the United States. In the region, wheat can be grown for either grain-only, forage-only, or for both fall–winter forage + grain (dual-purpose). This study was conducted to determine the net returns of five alternative wheat production ...
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Yield and plant growth response of peanut to midseason forage harvest
Harvesting of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) foliage during the growing season may increase farm revenue through the sale of peanut hay; however, it is unknown how the peanut plant will respond to forage removal with respect to plant characteristics, pod yield, quality, and revenue. This experiment was a randomized complete block design where peanut foliage was harvested or sprayed with a plant ...
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