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L-Arginine is one of the three amino acids with basic side chains, and is very hydrophilic in character. It contains a guanidino group in the side chain, and this moiety is protonated at physiological pH. Arginine is biosynthesized in the kidneys from citrulline, whose precursor is glutamate via the formation of ornithine. In amino acid degradation in vivo, arginine is hydrolyzed to urea and ornithine by arginase.

L-Asparagine is used in cell culture media and is a component of MEM non-essential amino acids solution.