ORBIT e.V. articles

The principles of the biological aerobic treatment of industrial sludge, its aims and constraints will first be presented in this paper.

The BIOSEC® process, developed by NEXUS Technologies, will than be described in its different phases to approach the technology and the treatment procedure in the best possible way.

This presentation would be incomplete without mentioning the costs of the treatment. They will be discussed with competing technologies.

The example of the trea

In the spirit of the material recycling concept in Germany (KrW-/AbfG, 1994), wastes are to be recycled as completely as possible, avoiding any impairment for mankind and the environment. In this connection, avoidance of material burdens by excessive nutrient and pollutant discharge is particularly important in the treatment, recycling and bringing into circulation of waste materials for re-use in agriculture and forestry, as well as in horticulture and landscape conservation/recultivation. The

The composting of biological waste is an important step towards the establishment of closed cycles of matter. A constantly high quality of the compost is, however, of utmost importance for the deliberate re-introduction of compost into the environment. The quality of the compost produced is determined by a very complex biological process during which the organic wastes are converted with the aid of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. The microbes require optimum conditions for the conversion of t

The amount of compost originating from source separated organic household waste collection in Germany is still increasing. At the end of the year 1997, app. 3.0 to 3.5 millions Mg fresh matter of non-mature and mature compost were produced in 515 composting plants with an input of respectively more than 1.000 Mg organic waste per year in Germany. According to Mellen (1998) an estimated 27% of the population were connected to the separate collection of organic wastes. A compost amount of 4 to 4.5

Since the RAL (Institute for quality assurance and labelling) introduced the quality mark for compost in 1992, more than 300 German composting plants have decided to adopt this voluntary quality control system. This system has significantly helped to define characteristics of high-quality, marketable composts. The quality standards agreed upon with the end-user are guaranteed and monitored within the quality assurance. The assurance of safe application allows the user to have confidence in compo