Bayer - Brassica Napus

Kidney-shaped and shallowly notched. Up to 1.5 m (59.05 inch) tall, herbaceous, branching, erect, reddish-purple below, greenish-red above, glabrous, from large thickened taproot to +10 cm (+3.93 inch) in diameter.

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Common Names English: Rape, rapeseed, oilseed rape, canola; German: Raps; French: Colza; Spanish: Colza

Leaves

Alternate, glabrous. Lowest leaves up +25 cm (+9.84 inch) long, lyrate-pinnatifid, with small prickles above and below on leaf tissue.
Middle and upper cauline leaves clasping, glabrous, glaucous, lanceolate.
Margins crenate with prickles caused by veins extending beyond leaf tissue.

Propagation Organs

Flowers

Terminal raceme, compact in flower, elongating in fruit to +40 cm (+15.74 inch) long.
Pedicels of flowers 5-6 mm (0.19 - 0.24 inch) long, elongating in fruit. Petals 4, 4-5 mm (0.16 - 0.19 inch) broad at apex, obtuse, yellow, glabrous, to 1cm (0.39 inch) long, clawed.
Stamens 6, erect. Longer 4 stamens with filaments to 4.5 mm (0.18 inch) long, white, glabrous. Shorter stamens with filaments to 2 mm (0.078 inch) long.
Anthers yellow, ovary 4.5 mm (0.18 inch) long, slightly flattened, glabrous.
Style 2 mm (0.078 inch) long, persistent in fruit as beak.
Sepals 4, yellow, glabrous, linear, spreading to erect.

Flowering Period

April - September.

Fruit

Ascending, 5-10 cm (1.97 - 3.93 inch); pedicel spreading to ascending, slender; beak 7-11 mm (0.27 - 0.43 inch), seedless.

Seeds

Germination occurs all year round. Seeds are reddish-brown to blue-black and round.

Viability of Seeds

Up to 10 years.

Propagation

Up to 20,000 seeds/plant.

Occurrence

Habitat

Cultivated and escaped to waste places, roadsides, railroads.

Soil

Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, well-drained soil, can grow in heavy clay soil, acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils, requires moist soil.

Agricultural Importance

Seeds of volunteer Brassica napus are initially dormant and persist up to 3-4 years in the soil. Plants of Brassica napus in subsequent crops are very competitive and partly difficult to control, the problem increases with reduction of tillage intensity and less diverse crop rotations.
Brassica napus serves as a host for various pests and diseases.

Control

Useful non-chemical contribution to Integrated Weed Management

Stubble cultivation, alternation of winter annual and summer annual crops and plowing after Brassica napus production can decrease the density of volunteer crop.

Bayer - Brassica Napus

Common Names English: Rape, rapeseed, oilseed rape...