crop cycle Articles

A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the agricultural production of wheat and barley grain to be used as a raw material for bioethanol production in Spain is performed. The objective of the work presented is to compare the environmental impact of the production of these two alternative raw materials for the production of bioethanol. This study is carried out in the frame of a higher scope study, a ...

Jun. 7, 2005

By Inderscience Publishers

Coupling winter small grain cover crops (CC) with liquid manure injection may increase manure nutrient capture. The objectives of this research were to quantify manure injection effects using target swine (Sus scrofa) manure N rates of 112, 224, and 336 kg N ha–1 on CC plant density, fall and spring shoot biomass, N, P, and K uptake and subsequent corn (Zea mays L.) yield. A winter rye (Secale ...

Nov. 7, 2008

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Owing to their high water retention, the volcanic ash-soils of the Northern Andean highlands (páramos) can be considered as natural ‘water storage tanks’ for drinking water and for irrigation. Vegetation plays an important role in transferring rain to the soil and in controlling the soil water content. To assess this role, we quantified the stemflow process under rainfall simulations for seven ...

Apr. 13, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Despite important strides in marker technologies, the use of marker-assisted selection has stagnated for the improvement of quantitative traits. Biparental mating designs for the detection of loci affecting these traits (quantitative trait loci [QTL]) impede their application, and the statistical methods used are ill-suited to the traits' polygenic nature. Genomic selection (GS) has been proposed ...

Jan. 28, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

The uptake and transport of mercury (Hg) through vegetation play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of Hg. However, quantitative information regarding Hg translocation in plants is poorly understood. In this study, Hg uptake, accumulation and translocation in four corps rice (Oryza.sativa L.), wheat (Triticum L.), corn (Zea mays L.) and oilseed rape (Brassica campestris L.) grown ...

Oct. 30, 2013

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Everyone who works in agriculture is aware of the basic lifecycle of crops: plants are seeded, they are nourished and they grow, they are harvested, and what is not consumed by (us) higher life forms is returned to the soil—where it is broken down through mineralization and by microorganisms so that it can be used to nourish the next cycle of crops. That relatively simple scenario is ...

Mar. 17, 2017

By HUMA GRO - a registered trademark of Bio Huma Netics, Inc.

Nitrogen fixation is one of the best examples of cooperation in nature. Soil microbes – naturally occurring bacteria in the soil – work with plants to pull nitrogen from the air. They turn the nitrogen into a form the plant is able to use. In return, the plant lets the microbes eat some of the sugars it makes. Faba beans (also called fava beans) are one example of plants that work ...

Jan. 6, 2016

By American Society of Agronomy

Background The present investigation was undertaken to assess the residual influence of organic materials and biofertilizers applied to rice and wheat on yield, nutrient status, and economics of succeeding mung bean in an organic cropping system. The field experiments were carried out on the research farm of IARI, New Delhi during crop cycles of 2006 to 2007 and 2007 to 2008 to study the effects ...

Dec. 7, 2012

By Islamic Azad University (IAU)

Despite widespread use of early generation testing and selection (EGT) in breeding for self-pollinated crops, its effectiveness remains largely an unresolved issue. This issue is tackled here using elaborated genetic models that enable genetic and nongenetic effects to be assessed for the effectiveness of EGT in terms of (i) the selection response at one or more early generations relative to ...

Oct. 22, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Understanding the effects of management practices on soil properties is necessary because soil properties are directly related to the capacity of soil to function. Soil physical, chemical and biological properties were determined after 3 yr in three cropping sequences [continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (CCC), cotton-corn (Zea mays L.)-cotton (CMC), and corn-cotton-cotton (MCC) each at ...

Nov. 28, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Agricultural activities are the main livelihood for about 70% of Tanzania's population, with women being the main players. Crops need water (crop water requirements, CWRs) for their growth and production, which can either be rain-fed or irrigation sourced. However, climate change has affected the hydrological cycle, particularly water available for agricultural crops. Since impacts and ...

Jan. 3, 2017

By IWA Publishing

Agriculture has never been more challenging and fertility efficiency tools, such as inoculants, more important. Modern farmers rely on technology and production practices to significantly increase the yield of their food crops. Biological products like inoculants are a vital part of that strategy. Novozymes Biologicals is an industry leader in developing and manufacturing inoculants, which are a ...

Dec. 9, 2014

By Munson Machinery Company, Inc.

Sweet sorghum [SS; Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a potential biofuel crop for the Great Plains. Sweet sorghum was compared with corn [Zea mays (L.)] and grain sorghum for potential ethanol yield, energy use efficiency, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at seven dryland site-years in Nebraska. Seasonal rainfall ranged from approximately 340 to 660 mm. Soils were deep with medium texture at all ...

Jan. 1, 2010

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Abstract  Cereal grain cover crops increase surface cover, anchor corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] residues, increase infiltration, reduce both rill and interrill erosion, scavenge excess nutrients from the soil, and are easily obtained and inexpensive compared to other cover crop options. The use of cereal grain cover crops in fields where manure application occurs ...

Nov. 9, 2006

By Springer

The C4 perennial grasses have many potential virtues as bioenergy crops—high productivity and water use efficiency, multiyear crop cycle that minimizes replanting costs, and wide environmental adaptation. In the productive San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California, these species also confront high levels of ozone (O3) air pollution. It is often assumed that C4 species will exhibit tolerance to O3, ...

Mar. 17, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide for controlling diverse insect pests of crops. In the monogonont rotifer Brachionus koreanus, population growth retardation with the inhibition of lifespan, fecundity, and individual body size of ovigerous females was shown over 10 d in response to CPF exposure. At the molecular and biochemical levels, the rotifer B. koreanus ...

Oct. 25, 2015

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Recently, Social Life Cycle Assessment (S‐LCA) has been developed under the methodological framework of Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) in order to evaluate the social impacts that emerge during the overall life cycle of a product or service. There is not yet a standardised methodology for S‐LCA as there is for environmental LCA (eLCA), because the social impacts S‐LCA is concerned with not only ...

Dec. 30, 2014

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) is a herbaceous crop with a potential production of 12 tons of dry matter per hectare and a seed output of 0.5–2 tons per hectare, depending on its handling. The agro-ecological aspects and the high yield of vegetable biomass from hemp farming are the factors that indicate a possible interest in this plant from the point of view of energy use, but in order to validate ...

Jun. 7, 2005

By Inderscience Publishers

Perpetuating cereal cover crops through self-seeding may increase adoption by reducing risk and cost. Winter rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) were used to develop self-seeding cover crop systems in a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–corn (Zea mays L.) rotation. Cereals were planted and managed chemically and mechanically in varying ...

Feb. 29, 2008

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

This publication contains documentation for the PRZM-3 model. PRZM-3 is the most recent version of a modeling system that links two subordinate models – PRZM and VADOFT – in order to predict pesticide transport and transformation down through the crop root and unsaturated soil zones. Enhancements to Release 3.0 reported herein include algorithms that also enable modeling of the nitrogen cycle ...

Sep. 1, 2005

By US EPA - Environmental Protection Agency