corn yield Articles
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Corn grain yields and yield stability in four long-term cropping systems
Most long-term studies evaluate only average crop yields and overlook year-to-year yield variability, which could be highly significant. Our objectives were to evaluate the impact of long-term cropping systems and fertility management on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and yield stability. Cropping systems were (i) CC, continuous corn; (ii) CS, corn-soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]; (iii) 4C4A, 4 yr ...
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Grain sorghum and corn comparisons: yield, economic, and environmental responses
Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is often grown where water stress is expected. But, improved drought tolerance in corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids has resulted in increased dryland corn production in preference to grain sorghum. However, grain sorghum may still have a yield advantage over corn in drought prone environments. This study was conducted to determine if grain sorghum has either a ...
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Effects of co-application of biosolids and water treatment residuals on corn growth and bioavailable Phosphorus and Aluminum in Alkaline Soils in Egypt
The co-application of biosolids and water treatment residuals (WTRs) has been previously trialed to reduce excessive bioavailable P in the soil treated with biosolids. However, uncertainty still exists regarding the environmental consequences of the co-application of biosolids and WTRs, especially in alkaline soils in Egypt or the Middle East region. A greenhouse pot study was conducted with ...
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Hairy Vetch management for no-till organic corn production
Rolling-crimping to control hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) may make organic no-till corn (Zea mays L.) possible. This study investigated how rolling-crimping date and growth stage of the cover crop affected hairy vetch control and if a rolled-crimped hairy vetch cover crop could supply weed control for no-till corn. Hairy vetch was planted in late August and was rolled and crimped and planted ...
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Corn grain yield response to crop rotation and nitrogen over 35 years
Crop rotation and N are management methods that can increase corn (Zea mays L.) grain yields. Our objective was to determine the corn grain yield response to six crop rotation sequences and four N rates in a long-term (35-yr) study. The rotations were continuous corn (CC), corn–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (CA), corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (CS), corn-corn-corn-alfalfa-alfalfa (CCCAA), ...
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Heterosis decreasing in hybrids: Yield test inbreds
Yield testing finished inbreds to replace preliminary single-cross corn (Zea mays L.) yield tests will increase rate of commercial hybrid yield gains. Studies have shown that heterosis decreased 25%/50 yr, 10%/60 yr, and 35%/100 yr. Natural selection and artificial selection by plant breeders for adaptedness have increased parental inbred and hybrid seed yields, whereas percentage heterosis ...
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Estimating plant-available water using the simple inverse yield model for claypan landscapes
Plant-available water (PAW) is one of the fundamental soil factors affecting crop yield, yet quantitative determination of plant-available water capacity (PAWc) at a field scale has been challenging. A simple inverse yield model (SIYM) has been devised and shown to be successful in estimating PAWc at a field scale for well-drained soils by matching simulated corn (Zea mays L.) yield with measured ...
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Dairy cattle manure improves soil productivity in low residue rotation systems
Mineral fertilizer alone may not sustain soil productivity in cropping systems that return little crop residues to the soil, unless additional organic residues and/or manure is applied regularly to the soil. The objective of the present study was to assess the long-term effects of mineral fertilization (No fertilizer, PK, and NPK) and manure addition (0 and 20 Mg ha–1 yr–1) on soil physical and ...
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Enhancing nutrient cycling by coupling cover crops with manure injection
Coupling winter small grain cover crops (CC) with liquid manure injection may increase manure nutrient capture. The objectives of this research were to quantify manure injection effects using target swine (Sus scrofa) manure N rates of 112, 224, and 336 kg N ha–1 on CC plant density, fall and spring shoot biomass, N, P, and K uptake and subsequent corn (Zea mays L.) yield. A winter rye (Secale ...
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Vermicompost production and its use for crop production in the Philippines
Vermicompost was produced with Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae using animal manures, leguminous leaves, grass and agro-forestry wastes. Yields of corn fertilised with vermicompost at 5t/ha and rice at 2t/ha of vermicompost were comparable with those for corn fertilised with 100% chemical fertilisers and 40% increase over the control for rice. Chinese cabbage and eggplant fertilised with ...
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Irrigated, no-till corn and barley response to nitrogen in Northern Colorado
Converting irrigated, conventional-till (CT) systems to no-till (NT) production systems can potentially reduce soil erosion, fossil fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrogen fertilization effects on irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) and malting barley (Hordeum distichon L.) yields in a corn-barley rotation were evaluated for 6 yr on a clay loam soil to determine the viability of using a ...
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Characterizing and Classifying Variability in Corn Yield Response to Nitrogen Fertilization on Subfield and Field Scales
Marked spatial and temporal variability in yield response to N fertilizer observed in individual yield response trials creates a high degree of uncertainty when estimating economic optimum rates (EORs) of N for a group of trials and when extrapolating these rates from one location to another. A survey was conducted to characterize and classify variability in yield response to N on subfield and ...
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Characterizing and classifying variability in corn yield response to nitrogen fertilization on subfield and field scales
Marked spatial and temporal variability in yield response to N fertilizer observed in individual yield response trials creates a high degree of uncertainty when estimating economic optimum rates (EORs) of N for a group of trials and when extrapolating these rates from one location to another. A survey was conducted to characterize and classify variability in yield response to N on subfield and ...
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Axle-load impacts on hydraulic properties and corn yield in no-till clay and silt loam
Wheel traffic-induced compaction in no-till (NT) farming can alter soil hydraulic properties and reduce crop yields, but specific information on the impacts of different levels of axle loads on the relationships between soil hydraulic properties and crop yields under long-term NT systems is limited. Thus, this study set out to measure the differences in soil hydraulic properties including ...
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Climate change to worsen drought, diminish corn yields in Africa
Original story at MIT News Nearly 25 percent of the world’s malnourished population lives in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 300 million people depend on corn, or maize, as their main food source. Maize is the most widely harvested agricultural product in Africa and is grown by small farmers who rely heavily on rainwater rather than irrigation. The crop is therefore extremely sensitive ...
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Effect of tillage and nitrogen rate on corn yield and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in a corn-soybean rotation
Understanding tillage, N, and P interactions can contribute to improved N and P utilization and crop response. This study examined the interaction effects of tillage and N rate of two N sources on N and P uptake by corn (Zea mays L.). The study was conducted on Kenyon loam (fine loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludolls) soil at the Iowa State University Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm near ...
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Controlling Barnyardgrass with Corn Hybrid Selection
Barnyardgrass is a summer annual grass weed with a global impact on corn production. Yield losses due to barnyardgrass competition have been estimated up to 45% or more for crops such as cotton and corn. Besides corn, it can also be a serious weed pest in rice, soybean, sugarbeet, cotton, and corn. Integrated weed management techniques can be used for control of barnyardgrass in corn. High ...
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Soil quality and corn yield under crop–livestock integration in Illinois
Compared with traditional cropping systems, integrated crop–livestock systems have shown greater efficiency in improving soil quality and crop yield. The objective of this study was to determine how an integrated crop–livestock system affected soil properties and corn (Zea mays L.) yield when compared with continuous corn (CC). The study was conducted from 2004–2008 on a large-scale research farm ...
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Response of bt and near-isoline corn hybrids to plant density
Transgenic Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids with resistance to corn rootworm (CRW; Diabrotica spp.) or European corn borer [ECB; Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)] can have greater tolerance to water and nutrient stress, and thus may have higher optimum plant densities. Experiments were conducted following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] over nine site-years in Illinois to ...
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Long-term agronomic performance of organic and conventional field crops in the mid-atlantic region
Despite increasing interest in organic grain crop production, there is inadequate information regarding the performance of organically-produced grain crops in the United States, especially in Coastal Plain soils of the mid-Atlantic region. We report on corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields at the USDA-ARS Beltsville Farming Systems Project ...
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