paddy field Articles
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Direct payment policies for the regeneration of less-favoured areas: a comparative study of the EU and Japan
This paper evaluates the constitution, significance and limitations of direct payment policy to farmers in hilly mountainous areas (i.e., Japan's less-favoured areas), where small-sized terraced paddy field farming is predominant. A significant period of depopulation and the successive aging of the rural society have resulted in the decline of farming output and the abandonment of farmland. As a ...
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Things Should be Noticed during Operating Rice Transplanter
Start the engine in the following orders: check whether there is full of oil in the engine; open the oil circuit and then open the throttle; check the whether the clutch is separate and the gear shift level is in the neutral position; start the engine. Before planting the rice seedlings, a test should be made to check whether the machine can transplanter the rice according to the rice ...
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Evaluation of the management practice for controlling herbicide runoff from paddy fields using intermittent and spillover-irrigation schemes
Two water management practices, an intermittent irrigation scheme using automatic irrigation system(AI) and a spillover-irrigation scheme (SI), were compared for the fate and transport of commonly used herbicides, mefenacet (MF) and bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) in experimental paddy plots. Maximum mefenacet concentrations in paddy water were 660 and 540 µgL−1 for AI and SI plot, respectively. ...
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Rice production with minimal irrigation and no nitrogen fertilizer by intensive use of treated municipal wastewater
We designed a new cultivation system of rice with circulated irrigation to remove nitrogen from treated municipal wastewater effectively and assessed the possibility of nitrogen removal in the new system without any adverse effects on rice production through bench-scale experiments through two seasons. Overgrowth of the rice plant, which can lead to lodging and tasteless rice, was found in the ...
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Microalgal oil production for use in rice farms in Albufera (València) region
In the Albufera (València) region of Spain, rice has been farmed for nearly 500 years. Post-harvest flooding of rice fields has become an integral element of wetland refuge for migratory birds. The steady rise in the cost of purchased inputs is causing considerable economic stress to the viability of rice farming in this region. In 2011, it has been estimated the cost of purchased diesel ...
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Transition of fertilizer application and agricultural pollution loads: a case study in the Nhue-Day River basin
Rapid socio-economic development in suburban areas of developing countries has induced changes in agricultural waste and nutrient management, resulting in water pollution. The study aimed at estimating agricultural nutrient cycles and their contribution to the water environment. A material flow model of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was developed focusing on agricultural activities from ...
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Transition of fertilizer application and agricultural pollution loads: a case study in the Nhue-Day River basin
Rapid socio-economic development in suburban areas of developing countries has induced changes in agricultural waste and nutrient management, resulting in water pollution. The study aimed at estimating agricultural nutrient cycles and their contribution to the water environment. A material flow model of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was developed focusing on agricultural activities from ...
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Cultivation of rice for animal feed with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater for enhanced nitrogen removal: comparison of cultivation systems feeding irrigation water upward and downward
To achieve enhanced nitrogen removal, we modified a cultivation system with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater by using rice for animal feed instead of human consumption. The performance of this modified system was evaluated through a bench-scale experiment by comparing the direction of circulated irrigation (i.e. passing through paddy soil upward and downward). The modified ...
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The optimization of the paddy field irrigation scheduling using mathematical programming
In planting rice, a significant amount of irrigation water is required to prepare the farmlands and do transplanting and this is directly related to the number of machines and workers available; that is, the more the length of plowing and transplanting process due to the lack of required machinery and labor, the more the water volume consumed. Therefore, in such conditions, it is important to ...
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A simple approach to assess N load capacity of rice paddy fields in the southern Taihu Lake watershed
High nitrogen (N) leaching from irrigated agricultural soils is the result of N input exceeding soil N load capacity (NLC). A simple approach was developed in this research to assess the NLC of paddy soils in the southern Taihu Lake watershed. Paddy soils were classified into four types (Submergenic, Illuvium, Gleyed, and Percogenic) and 28 soil samples representing all four types were ...
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Precautions before operating the paddy transplanter
A rice transplanter is a specialized transplanter widely used to plant rice seedlings in the paddy field. The machine can both improve the efficiency and quality of rice transplanting. However some questions are claimed by the clients when using the paddy transplanter and we found that most of the problems are caused by the unproper use of the rice planter machine. In the following, we will give ...
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Fertilization management of paddy fields in Piedmont (NW Italy) and its effects on the soil and water quality
The fertilization management of the rice crop in Piedmont was analyzed at a regional scale, and the agronomic and environmental sustainability of the actual fertilization strategy of rice was evaluated through the analysis of its effect on the soils and waters quality. On average, a total amount of 127 kg ha − 1 of N, 67 kg ha − 1 of P 2 O 5 and 161 kg ha − 1 of K 2 O were ...
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Effect of straw leachates from Cry1Ca‐expressing transgenic rice on the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Because of the prevalence of algae in rice paddy fields, they will be exposed to Bacillus thurigiensis (Bt) proteins released from Bt protein‐expressing genetically engineered rice. To assess the effects of leachates extracted from Cry1Ca‐expressing transgenic rice (T1C‐19) straw on the microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa, we added purified Cry1Ca (10, 100, 1000 µg/L) and five concentrations of ...
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Simulating leaf appearance in rice
Most rice (Oryza sativa L.) simulation models assume that only temperature affects leaf appearance rate (LAR). This assumption ignores results from controlled environment studies that show that LAR in rice is not constant with time (calendar days) under constant temperature. The Streck model, which takes into account age effects on LAR, improved the prediction of leaf appearance in winter wheat ...
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Predicting precipitation on nonpoint source pollutant exports in the source area of the Liao River, China
The source area of the Liao River is an important grain growing area in China which experiences serious problems with agricultural nonpoint source pollution (NPS) which is impacting the regional economy and society. In order to address the water quality issues it is necessary to understand the spatial distribution of NPS in the Liao River source area. This issue has been investigated by ...
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Phenotypic diversity of panicle and nutritional traits of some widely cultivated indigenous deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars of Dhemaji district, Assam (India)
Deepwater rice shows some morphological and nutritional peculiarities. To evaluate the phenotypic diversity in panicle and nutritional traits, ten widely cultivated indigenous deepwater rice cultivars (viz. Panikakuwa, Kakuwa, Miabao, Dalbao, Maguribao, Negheribao, Panidhan, Bhubao, Amana and Happybao) collected from different paddy growing fields of Dhemaji district, Assam, have been taken into ...
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Spatial prediction of soil organic matter content using cokriging with remotely sensed data
Accurately measuring soil organic matter content (SOM) in paddy fields is important because SOM is one of the key soil properties controlling nutrient budgets in agricultural production systems. Estimation of this soil property at an acceptable level of accuracy is important; especially in the case when SOM exhibits strong spatial dependence and its measurement is a time- and labor-consuming ...
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Nitrogen removal and power generation from treated municipal wastewater by its circulated irrigation for resource-saving rice cultivation
This study aims at improving the performance of the cultivating system of rice for animal feed with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater by applying a larger amount of wastewater, as well as adding a microbial fuel cell (MFC) to the system. The results of bench-scale experiments indicate that this modification has increased the rice yield, achieving the target for the rice ...
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Recent Papers on Water Reuse in Irrigation and Agriculture
The long-term goal of this research is to develop the infra-technologies to reclaim effluents from wastewater treatment plants and reuse them for agricultural water demands. The objectives of this were: 1) to study the effects of various wastewater treatment levels on crop growth and yields; 2) to determine the pollution loads from wastewater ...
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Soil management practices for sustainable agro-ecosystems
A doubling of the global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses a huge challenge for the sustainability of both food production and global and local environments. Today’s agricultural technologies may be increasing productivity to meet world food demand, but they may also be threatening agricultural ecosystems. For the global environment, agricultural systems provide both sources and ...
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