soil activator Articles
-
Activity and ecological implications of maize‐expressed transgenic endo‐1,4‐β‐D‐glucanase in agricultural soils
Plant expression of thermostable endoglucanase (E1) [pdb:1ECE] has been proposed for improved conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol for fuel production. Residues of E1‐expressing maize may effect ecological services (e.g., C mineralization and biogeochemical cycling) on soils where they occur. Therefore, the activity of residual E1 was investigated using soils amended with bacterial and ...
-
Response of soil microbial activity to temperature, moisture, and litter leaching on a wetland transect during seasonal refilling
In nutrient impoverished landscapes in southwest Australia, terrestrial litter appears to be important in phosphorus (P) turnover and in the gradual accumulation of P in wetland systems. Little is known about the fate of P leached from litter during the wet season and the associated effects of soil microclimate on microbial activity. The effects of temperature, moisture, and litter leaching on ...
-
Impact of termite activity on soil environment: A perspective from their soluble chemical components
An investigation on varied types of termite mounds relative to the nearby soils that are not inhabited by the termites in different places of Cameroon show that the activity of the termites is increasing the contents of most major and some trace elements in the termite mounds, except for Si and sometimes Fe, Mn, Na and K. These released elements are relocated into newly formed mineral phases that ...
-
Impact of termite activity on soil environment: A perspective from their soluble chemical components
An investigation on varied types of termite mounds relative to the nearby soils that are not inhabited by the termites in different places of Cameroon show that the activity of the termites is increasing the contents of most major and some trace elements in the termite mounds, except for Si and sometimes Fe, Mn, Na and K. These released elements are relocated into newly formed mineral phases that ...
-
Sound Advice: Meeting Corn`s Nutrient Demands
In this edition of Sound Advice, Will Llewellyn, Sales Agronomist, shares his insights on how growers can meet corn’s nutrient demand all season long. Early in the crop’s life, nutrient needs increase slowly, until corn reaches the V10 to V14 window of peak nutrient demand. By the end of that window, much of the fertilizer applied since last fall has run its course. Fertilizer ...
-
Downward mobility of 14C-Labeled simazine in a bermudagrass system vs. a fallow soil system
Pesticides applied to bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) can be captured by the canopy, absorbed by the roots, or bound in the thatch layer, which reduces the amount available to leach compared with a fallow soil system where pesticides may be applied directly to soil. 14C-Simazine was applied to dormant bermudagrass and fallow soil in lysimeters in a cold growth chamber (5°C) (cold-fallow soil) ...
-
Performance of solid-state sensors for continuous, real-time measurement of soil CO2 concentrations
Recent advances in sensor technology provide a robust capability for continuous measurement of soil gases. The performance of solid-state CO2 sensors (Model GMM220 series, Vaisala, Inc., Helsinki, Finland) was evaluated in laboratory, greenhouse, and irrigated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In ambient CO2 concentration, the GMM222 sensor averaged 427 ± 8.3 µL L–1. Under variable CO2 ...
-
Changes in rhizosphere microbial activity mediated by native or allochthonous AM fungi in the reafforestation of a Mediterranean degraded environment
This study was carried out in a semiarid degraded area to assess the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation with a mixture of native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi or an allochthonous AM fungus (Glomus claroideum), on the establishment of Olea europaea subsp. sylvestris L. and Retama sphaerocarpa (L.) Boissier in this area. Associated changes in the soil microbiological properties and ...
-
Use of insoluble polyacrylate polymers to aid phytostabilization of mine soils: effects on plant growth and soil characteristics
Received for publication March 5, 2009. We evaluated the use of polyacrylate polymers to aid phytostabilization of mine soils. In a pot experiment, perennial ryegrass was grown in a mine soil and in uncontaminated soil. Growth was stimulated in the polymer-amended mine soil compared with an unamended control, and water-extractable levels of soil Cu and Zn decreased after polymer application. In ...
-
Banana leaf and glucose mineralization and soil organic matter in microhabitats of banana plantations under long‐term pesticide use
Soil organic matter (SOM) and microbial activity are key components of soil quality and sustainability. In tropical humid tropics of Costa Rica three pesticide regimes were studied: fungicide (low input); fungicide and herbicide (medium input); and fungicide, herbicide and nematicide (high input), under continuous banana cultivation for 5 (young) or 20 (old) years, in three microhabitats: ...
-
Effect of charcoal quantity on microbial biomass and activity in temperate soils
Wildfire-produced charcoal is a common component of soils, affecting a range of important abiotic and biotic soil processes. Our ability to predict the effects of charcoal addition to soil is currently limited, however, by our understanding of how charcoal affects the soil microbial community mediating many of these processes. This study sought to improve our understanding of the relationship ...
-
Urease Inhibitors
Urease inhibitors are a class of chemical agents that inhibit urease activity in soil and delay urea hydrolysis. Soil urease is a specific hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea in soil. There are two main aspects to the mechanism of urease inhibitors controlling urea hydrolysis. One is due to the oxidation of SH to reduce urease activity.The second is to compete for ligands to reduce ...
-
Activities of nitrogen-mineralization enzymes associated with soil aggregate size fractions of three tillage systems
Nitrogen mineralization occurring near the soil surface of agroecosystems determines the quantity of plant-available N, and soil enzymes produced by microorganisms play significant roles in the N mineralization process. Tillage systems may influence soil microbial communities and N mineralization enzymes through alterations in total soil C and N. Soil aggregates of different sizes provide diverse ...
-
Evidence of active biotic influences in pedogenetic processes. Case studies from semiarid ecosystems of south-west Western Australia
Abstract Soil profiles and rooting morphologies were examined under an ecotone where open woodland of multi-stemmed, small, lignotuberous eucalypts (mallee) graded into proteaceous heath. Soils under the mallee showed a Solonetz-type seal which separated, hydrologically, the upper acidic horizon of bleached sand from lower alkaline horizons rich in calcrete, silcrete, finely divided ...
-
Application of different organic wastes on soil properties and wheat yield
Fresh and composted organic wastes [beet vinasse (BV), sewage sludge (SS), and a cotton gin crushed compost (CCGC)], were applied for 4 yr to a Typic Xerofluvent in dryland conditions near Seville, Spain. Organic wastes were applied at rates of 5, 7.5, and 10 Mg organic matter ha–1, respectively. The effect on the soil's physical properties, soil microbial biomass, and six soil enzymatic ...
-
Introduction of composted digestates in agriculture
Municipal organic waste is increasingly recycled by aerobic composting or anaerobic digestion procedures. In 1997, 230 000 Mg organic waste were composted and used for agriculture in the region of Cologne, which is an increase by 70% compared to 1994 (Anonymous, 1999). Therefore, the effects of compost on the soil and the plants require studies on:- its nutrient contents to contribute to the ...
By ORBIT e.V.
-
Application of two vermicomposts on a Rice crop: Effects on soil biological properties and rice quality and yield
Vermicomposts have been considered as a soil additive to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers because they provide required nutrients, increase cation exchange capacity, and improve water-holding capacity. However, the effect of each vermicompost on soil properties and crop yield depends on its chemical composition. The main objective of this work was to study the effect of incorporating two ...
-
Native trees for environmental quality assessment in an ecological corridor of Atlantic Forest
Brazil has a mega biodiversity concentrated primarily in forest areas such as the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world. The Serra do Mar State Park (SMSP) in Sao Paulo state is the largest conservation unit of the Atlantic Forest, with both well-preserved and impacted areas such as Picinguaba and Itutinga-Piloes nuclei, respectively. Bioaccumulation patterns of ...
-
Assessment of heavy metal contamination and bioaccumulation in soybean plants from mining and smelting areas of southern Hunan province, China
Soybean is one of most important dicotyledonous food crops and widely planted in Hunan province, China. However, mining activity causes soil contamination in which soybean grows. To assess the impact of mining‐induced soil contamination on soybean plants, a geoaccumulation index (Igeo) was used to evaluate 20 soil samples from the mining areas of southern Hunan province, China. The results ...
-
Comparing soil chemistries of leached and nonleached copper‐amended soils
Leaching metal‐spiked samples has been proposed as a means to reduce the artifacts of the spiking procedure (e.g., salt effect, increased metal solubility) that can artificially increase metal bioaccessibility and toxicity in laboratory ecotoxicity tests. The effects on soil chemistry from leaching Cu‐spiked samples were investigated by comparing chemistries of freshly spiked samples to samples ...
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you