Animal Waste Articles
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Organic Fertilizers Production Process (original article in Bahasa Indonesia)
Illustrated description of complete production lines of granulated organic fertilizers. Raw materials can be either farm waste, animal husbandry waste, biomass, and biodegradables of municipal solid waste. The product is granulated fertilizers with specifications in comformity with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and those being enforced by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. A number ...
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Pilot scale facility to determine gaseous emissions from livestock slurry during storage
Livestock production is a growing source of air pollution, locally and to the wider environment. Improved livestock manure management has the potential to reduce environmental impacts, but there is a need for methodologies to precisely quantify emissions. This paper describes and evaluates a novel storage facility for livestock slurry consisting of eight 6.5-m3 cylindrical units. The stores may ...
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EPA proposal to change reporting of hazardous substances from farm animal waste
EPA has proposed a rule change to provide an administrative reporting exemption for air releases of hazardous substances -- primarily ammonia and hydrogen sulfide -- from animal waste at farms. The aim is to enable authorities to better focus their attention on hazardous substance releases that require emergency response while reducing reporting burdens on America’s farms. EPA’s proposed rule ...
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A cost-effective method for controlling compost air emissions
In October 2007, ECS began conducting trials at California State University Fresno (CSUF) to explore using the new patent pending AC Composter (ACC) covered aerated static pile system to manage dairy manure solids and comply with airquality standards. A two-zone portable pilot system was delivered by ECS and installed at the CSUF research dairy. This research is being conducted under a Phase I ...
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Temporal yield variability under conventional and alternative management systems
Year to year variation in yield is an inherent risk associated with crop production and many growers rely on intensive mechanical or chemical inputs to preserve crop yield in the face of fluctuating environmental conditions. However, as interest grows in alternative crop management systems which depend less on external inputs, determining the degree to which management systems can impact the ...
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Experimental investigations to evaluate benefits of using compost amendments to modify expansive soils
Composting is a successful method of recycling organic waste materials such as yard trimmings, municipal biosolids, animal manure and organic urban wastes into stabilised materials that could be used for bioremediation, erosion control, landscaping, and roadside vegetation. The process of organic wastes composting is expanding rapidly in the USA and other countries since landfill spaces for ...
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Commercial composting provides food for thought
The retail sector and food manufacturers produce a mountain of waste but, unlike householders, they cannot simply throw it in the compost and wait for it to rot down. The Compost Association told edie about the obstacles in the way of recycling waste from the commercial sector. Compared to household domestic waste, biodegradable matter from the retail and catering sector represents only a small ...
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The role of education and training levels of slaughterhouse workers in the cross-contamination of carcasses
Meat products are frequently implicated in foodborne diseases. The hygienic status of dressed carcasses is largely dependent upon the general slaughterhouse hygiene and the skills of the workers. Training, knowledge of food safety issues and communication skills of slaughterhouse workers were evaluated to identify their role in the contamination of carcasses. Face-to-face interviews were ...
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A preliminary review of gas-to-particle conversion monitoring and modelling efforts in the USA
Ammonia and inorganic acid gases emitted from livestock and poultry operations, manure treatment, handling and application can affect air quality by the formation of secondary fine particles. The process of gas-to-particle conversion (GTPC) of relatively short-lived gaseous ammonia to more persistent fine particles can affect local and regional air quality far away from the agricultural sources. ...
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Sulphur mineralization kinetics of cattle manure and green waste compost in soils
Sulphur mineralization of cattle manure (CM) and green waste compost (GWC) added to six agricultural soils with different chemical properties was monitored over 10 weeks in a laboratory incubation experiment. Although the amount of sulphur was higher in CM than in GWC, the cumulative SO4 2--S values in GWC-treated soils were higher than in soil amended with CM. The percentages of mineralized S ...
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Landscaping Compost Fact sheet 4 - Compost use in turf establishment and renovation
Untitled Document Establish and maintain good quality grass with compost Compost can be used in a variety of situations, including residential and commercial lawns, sports grounds, athletic fields and golf courses. Excellent results can be achieved when using compost both to establish and renovate turf. What is compost? In the United Kingdom, compost is made from ...
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Waste stream utilisation for sustainable viticulture
ABSTRACTField trials were established at four vineyards in January 1999 to evaluate the effects of four mulch mixtures on different soil and plant parameters. Mulches were made from wine industry and other commercially available plant and animal wastes. Soil, grape petioles, grape leaves and grape juice were analysed over three seasons. The mulches applied released considerable quantities of ...
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Hot spots in animal agriculture, emerging federal environmental policies and the potential for efficiency and innovation offsets
In North America and Northern Europe, high livestock densities in concentrated areas (hot spots) have led to manure surpluses, which have resulted in water pollution problems. Using the emerging policy objectives for animal waste in the European Union and the USA as a backdrop, this paper discusses the impact of environmental regulation on farm profits. A theoretical model of the farm is ...
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The mineralization of nitrogen from compost in the tropics
The application of organic matter is very important in maintaining high and stable crop yields under tropical conditions. Most of tropical soils are characterised by low content of organic matter and low structure stability. Animal wastes contain many nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and other minerals. In addition to supplying nutrients, the application of animal wastes also ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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Quality of compost: the experience of veneto region
The Regional Administration of Veneto Region (Italy) established in 1991 the rules for authorisation of composting plants for treatment of pre-selected organic wastes, including urban sludges, organic fraction of municipal solid wastes and animal manure. Also chemical composition of compost were regulated (Table 1). Some composting plants started working in 1994; at the moment seven farms are ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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Effects of biowaste compost amendment on soil microbial biomass and specific carbon turnover in agricultural soils
The importance of biowaste compost as organic fertilisers has become more emergent in the last years due to the increased production of compost produced from biowaste. The utilisation of organic fertilisers in agriculture improves the physical, chemical and microbial properties of soils (Allievi et al., 1993; Senesi, 1989). Amendment of compost affects several soil properties positively like e.g. ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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Formation and emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases from stored and composted solid animal manure
Beside other branches of industry, agriculture is an important source of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and the most important source of ammonia (NH3). In spite of several investigations concerning ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions during storage and composting of liquid and solid animal manure, the real extent of these emissions is still unknown. This is mainly because of the ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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Influence of temperature during the initial phase of Composting on biological activity and emission of Ammonia and dinitrogen oxide
Composting is a robust and cheap biological treatment method useful for all solid biodegradable waste. The performance of composting can vary substantially depending on managing conditions such as oxygen supply and compost temperature. Oxygen and temperature affects the rate of degradation and may also influence emission of NH3 and N2O. The gaseous N losses during composting from organic ...
By ORBIT e.V.
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Meat Processing and Rendering Industry - Pollution Prevention Guidelines
Introduction Pollution Prevention Guidelines to provide technical advice and guidance to staff and consultants involved in pollution-related projects. The guidelines represent state-of-the-art thinking on how to reduce pollution emissions from the production process. In many cases, the guidelines provide numerical targets for reducing pollution, as well as maximum emissions ...
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