plant biomass Articles
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Marker-facilitated selection for a major QTL Associated with root rot resistance in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
The use of molecular markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) can improve the efficiency of breeding programs. In previous research, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker alleles AD9.950+ derived from the root rot resistant snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar Puebla 152 and S18.1500– derived from the susceptible cultivar Eagle were linked in repulsion phase and mapped to ...
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Progressive N limitation of plant response to elevated CO2: a microbiological perspective
Abstract A major uncertainty in predicting long-term ecosystem C balance is whether stimulation of net primary production will be sustained in future atmospheric CO2 scenarios. Immobilization of nutrients (N in particular) in plant biomass and soil organic matter (SOM) provides negative feedbacks to plant growth and may lead to progressive N limitation (PNL) of plant response to CO2 ...
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Modeling anthesis to silking in maize using a plant biomass framework
The capacity to predict time to silking relative to anthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) has important implications for breeding and seed production. We developed a theoretical quantitative framework for simulating the anthesis to silking interval (ASI) based on plant growth and biomass partitioning to the ear. We tested this framework to simulate the progress of silking relative to anthesis in nine ...
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Effect of sowing year and seedbed type on yield and yield component in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc) in woodland savannahs of Cote d`Ivoire
Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is one of the most promising food legumes in Africa, due to its agronomic and nutritional potential. To take advantage of these attributes, several research programs gathering agronomic and genetic data are being implemented throughout Africa. In this context, the responses of yield and yield components to year sowing and seedbed type were tested in three ...
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Acciona turns sod on Spanish biomass plant
Acciona Energía has started work on the 50MW Logrosán biomass plant in Extremadura, Spain. Located 10km from the urban centre of the municipality, the Logrosán biomass plant will have a total of 200,000 square metres of surface, with just over half of the space dedicated to storage of the raw material. The start of production is scheduled for the second half of 2025 ...
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Damage suffered by swamp morning glory (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) exposed to vanadium(V)
To elucidate the physiological and morphological responses generated by vanadium (V) in plants, hydroponic culture experiments were performed with swamp morning glory (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) exposed to 0 to 2.50 mg L−1 pentavalent V [V(V)] in Hoagland nutrient solutions. The concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotene peaked at a V(V) concentration of 0.05 mg L−1 and gradually ...
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Uptake and translocation of lead and pyrene by ryegrass cultivated in aged spiked soil
A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the uptake and translocation of lead and pyrene in ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L), cultivated in spiked soil. After ageing, the pots were cultivated with ryegrass seedlings to investigate soil-to-plant transfer characteristics of lead and pyrene. In the spiked soils, the biomass of plants was not significantly lower in comparison with the control, ...
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Enhanced tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses in transgenic Alfalfa accumulating trehalose
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop in many countries with high biomass production and the third-most-cultivated crop in the United States, with high protein content and potential use as biofuel. Here we describe the use of a chimeric translational fusion of yeast trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (EC 2.4.1.15) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.12) genes to ...
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Gas exchange and transpiration ratio in Sorghum
Decreased water availability and increased food demand worldwide require development of more water-efficient crops. This study was conducted to examine preflower transpiration ratio (CO2 assimilation rate [A]/transpiration rate [E], A:E) in four inbred sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and 12 of their F1 hybrids in terms of phenotypic and genetic variation, inheritance (i.e., additive ...
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Influence of microbial activity on plant–microbial competition for organic and inorganic nitrogen
Abstract To investigate how the level of microbial activity in grassland soils affects plant–microbial competition for different nitrogen (N) forms, we established microcosms consisting of a natural soil community and a seedling of one of two co-existing grass species, Anthoxanthum odoratum or Festuca rubra. We then stimulated the soil microbial community with glucose in half of the microcosms ...
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Soil moisture dynamics modeling considering multi-layer root zone
The moisture uptake by plant from soil is a key process for plant growth and movement of water in the soil–plant system. A non-linear root water uptake (RWU) model was developed for a multi-layer crop root zone. The model comprised two parts: (1) model formulation and (2) moisture flow prediction. The developed model was tested for its efficiency in predicting moisture depletion in a ...
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Phytotoxic effects of Cu and Zn on soybeans grown in field-aged soils: their additive and interactive actions
Received for publication June 16, 2006. A field pot experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive phytotoxicity of soil Cu and Zn on soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Two soils (Arkport sandy loam [coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalf] and Hudson silty clay loam [fine, illitic, mesic Glossaquic Hapludalf]) spiked with Cu, Zn, and combinations of both to reach the ...
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Assessing the necessity of surface-applied preplant nitrogen fertilizer in rice systems
California rice (Oryza sativa L.) growers typically use two forms of preplant N fertilizer: aqua NH3 applied 7 to 10 cm below the soil surface (subsurface N) and surface-applied N. The rational for applying about 25% of the total N rate to the surface is to provide a readily available N source for young rice seedlings; however no research has been done to verify this. On-farm field studies were ...
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Effect of height on the competitive ability of wheat with oats
Competitive ability of wheat is influenced by a range of attributes such as plant height, tiller number, and light interception. This study focused on the effect of plant height on weed competitiveness of a set of near-isogenic wheat lines (NILs). The set included seven bread wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) and six durum wheat (T. turgidum L.) cultivars, each having a semidwarf and tall ...
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Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and O3 differentially alter nitrogen acquisition in Peanut
Elevated atmospheric CO2 and ozone (O3) may affect productivity of legumes in part by altering symbiotic N2 fixation. To investigate this possibility, measurements of plant biomass, N levels and natural 15N abundance ({delta}15N) were used to examine the effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on N acquisition in field-grown peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using open-top chambers. Seasonal 12-h daily average ...
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Consider Drying Before Planting!
Drying is one of the most important, yet significantly overlooked, parts of the hemp growing and harvesting process. As planting season approaches, it’s crucial to think about drying before you plant your crop. If hemp is dried cleanly, properly, and promptly, there will be minimal damage or loss. As such, this will maximize the quality of products post-harvest. The Advanced Hemp Dryer ...
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Corn response to competition: growth alteration vs. yield limiting factors
Competition mechanisms among adjacent plants are not well understood. This study compared corn growth and yield responses to water, N, and shade at 74,500 plants ha–1 (1x) with responses to water and N when planted at 149,000 plant ha–1. Plant biomass, leaf area, chlorophyll content, reflectance, and enzyme expression (transcriptome analysis) were measured at V-12. Grain and stover yields were ...
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Effect of biochar on maize yield and yield components in rainfed conditions
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 12(3), 46-51, March 2018. To investigate the maize yield and nutrient concentration in its leaves as affected by biochar from different organic materials (wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse), a field experiment was conducted on maize crop during 2013 at koont research farm chakwal. The treatments were control, wheat straw biochar at 5t ha-1, and 10t ha-1, sugarcane ...
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Evaluation of elemental allelopathy in Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (Russian Knapweed)
Abstract Although Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (Russian knapweed) is known to concentrate zinc (Zn) in upper soil layers, the question of whether the elevated Zn has an allelopathic effect on restoration species has not been addressed. Experiments were conducted to investigate whether soils collected from within infestations of A. repens (high-Zn) inhibit the germination or growth and ...
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The use of treated wastewater and fertigation in greenhouse pepper crop as affecting growth and fruit quality
The performance and suitability of tertiary treated wastewater (TW) and/or fertigation (F) in pepper plants were studied over a 4-month period in greenhouse conditions. Four treatments were used consisting of (1) water, (2) water + F, (3) TW, and (4) TW + F. The F and/or TW application increased plant height and plant biomass compared with the control plants (irrigated with water) ...
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