Irrigation Systems 101: What you need to know
In the perfect scenario everyone could rely on rainwater for their farming practices, but this is not always the case. This is why employing the right choice from the different irrigation systems available is crucial for agricultural success.
Irrigation systems are basically an artificial way to provide water to fertile soil for agricultural purposes. Crop irrigation is necessary to overcome such challenges as rain shortage and drought, and to keep up with the increasing demand for food. There are many options from where to choose, but before committing to one you should taken into account a few considerations:
- Budget for installation, maintenance, supplies and labor.
- Soil type
- Water availability and requirements
- Crop type and requirements
- Codes and regulations that apply to your land
Sprinkler irrigation
Water is distributed by high-pressured sprinklers that can be permanently set in place or moving platforms that can continuously move around the field. This mimics rain and is a good option to evenly distributing water to the soil.
Drip irrigation
This irrigation method is frequently used in dry climates. Water is delivered directly to the root of the plant via tiny drops, which makes it a water-conscious, centralized and less obtrusive option. With drip irrigation evaporation is minimized.
Surface irrigation
A series of pipes help distributing water over the soil surface and let it flow through the field. Since gravity plays an important role here, this irrigation method is recommended for flat land slopes and fine textured soil so water can be allowed to run, although a pumping system can be implemented.
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